BCS āĻĒāϰীāĻ•্āώাāϰ্āĻĨীāĻĻেāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ -

English Grammar Notes

English Grammar: Different Topics 

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Causative verbs, Action doer, Action receiver

Action doer āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে āϝে āĻ•াāϜ āĻ•āϰে āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা āϝাāĻ•ে āĻĻি⧟ে āĻ•াāϜ āĻ•āϰাāύো āĻšā§Ÿ āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা āϝাāĻ•ে āĻĻি⧟ে āĻ•েāω āĻ•াāϜ āĻ•āϰা⧟।

I will have you do this.
(āφāĻŽি āϤোāĻŽাāĻ•ে āĻĻি⧟ে āĻāϟা āĻ•āϰাāĻŦো।)
āĻāĻ–াāύে you āĻ•ে āĻĻি⧟ে āĻ•āϰাāύো āĻšāĻŦে āϤাāχ you āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে action doer

Action receiver  āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে āϝাāϰ āωāĻĒāϰে verb āĻāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ­াāĻŦ āĻĒ⧜ে, āϝাāϰ āωāĻĒāϰে āĻ•্āϰি⧟া āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒাāĻĻāύ āĻ•āϰা āĻšā§Ÿ।
I will have you arrested.
(āφāĻŽি āϤোāĻŽাāĻ•ে āĻ—্āϰেāĻĢāϤাāϰ āĻ•āϰাāĻŦ)
She had/got her husband arrested.
(āϏে āϤাāϰ āϏ্āĻŦাāĻŽীāĻ•ে āĻ—্āϰেāĻĢāϤাāϰ āĻ•āϰাāϞো)
āϤাāϰ āϏ্āĻŦাāĻŽীāĻ•ে āĻ—্āϰেāĻĢāϤাāϰ āĻ•āϰেāĻ›ে āĻĒুāϞিāĻļ āϤাāχ āϤাāϰ āϏ্āĻŦাāĻŽী/her husband āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে action receiver

have/make/let + action doer + base form
He had me write his assignment.
(āϏে āφāĻŽাāĻ•ে āĻĻি⧟ে āϤাāϰ āĻāϏাāχāύāĻŽেāύ্āϟ āϞেāĻ–াāϞ)
The teacher made him leave the room.
(āĻļিāĻ•্āώāĻ• āϤাāĻ•ে āϰুāĻŽ āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻŦেāϰ āĻ•āϰে āĻĻিāϞ)
He made me work for him.
(āϏে āφāĻŽাāĻ•ে āϤাāϰ āĻ•াāϜ āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻŦাāϧ্āϝ āĻ•āϰāϞ)
He let me go. (āϏে āφāĻŽাāĻ•ে āϝেāϤে āĻĻিāϞ)
āĻŦ্āϝāϤিāĻ•্āϰāĻŽ : get + action doer + to + base form
He get me to do the work.
(āϏে āφāĻŽাāĻ•ে āĻĻি⧟ে āĻ•াāϜāϟা āĻ•āϰাāϞো)
have/make/get + action receiver + past participle
I had my hair cut. (āφāĻŽি āϚুāϞ āĻ•াāϟাāϞাāĻŽ)
āύাāĻĒিāϤ āĻ•েāϟেāĻ›ে āϚুāϞ, āϤাāχ āϚুāϞ āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে action receiver
I got my hand burnt while cooking.
āĻšাāϤ āĻĒু⧜েāĻ›ে, āφāĻ—ুāύে āĻĒু⧜ি⧟েāĻ›ে āϤাāχ hand āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে action receiver [āĻŦিāϏ্āϤাāϰিāϤ āϜাāύāϤে āĻĒ⧜ুāύ Master]
Terrorists made it known that tourists would be targeted. it āĻŽাāύে āĻŦিāώ⧟ (āĻĒāϰ্āϝāϟāĻ•āϰা āϞāĻ•্āώ্āϝāĻŦāϏ্āϤু āĻšāĻŦে) āĻ•ে āĻ…āĻŦāĻ—āϤ āĻ•āϰেāĻ›ে Terrorist āϰা āϤাāχ it āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে action receiver
āĻŦ্āϝāϤিāĻ•্āϰāĻŽ : let + action receiver + be + participle
Let it/the work be done. (āĻāϟা/āĻ•াāϜāϟা āĻ•āϰা āĻšোāĻ•)
Let it not be done. (āĻāϟা āύা āĻ•āϰা āĻšোāĻ•)
Let him be arrested. (āϤাāĻ•ে āĻ—্āϰেāĻĢāϤাāϰ āĻ•āϰা āĻšোāĻ•)

Action Doer Vs Action Receiver

Action doer = When the noun causes the action
āϝāĻ–āύ noun āϟি āύিāϜে āĻ•াāϜ āĻ•āϰে।
āĻāĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে context āĻ…āύুāϏাāϰে noun/pronoun āϟিāϰ āφāĻ—ে āĻĒāϰে āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা linking verb āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে present participle āĻŦāϏে āφāϰ get + action doer + infinitive, have + action doer + base form
1. The tall man standing by the door is my father.
2. Don’t disturb a sleeping baby.
3. He was run over by a running bus.
4. It was a very embarrassing situation.
5. Driving ambition is what most great leaders have in common.
Action receiver = the noun receives the action or receives the effect of the action
(noun āϟি āϝāĻ–āύ āĻ•াāϜেāϰ āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা āĻĒ্āϰāĻ­াāĻŦিāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ āĻŦা āĻ•াāϜেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ­াāĻŦ noun āϟিāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻāϏে āĻĒ⧜ে)
āĻāĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে context āĻ…āύুāϏাāϰে noun/pronoun āϟিāϰ āφāĻ—ে āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা āĻĒāϰে āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা linking verb āĻāϰ past participle āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ।
1. Broken bones always take time to mend.
2. I cut myself on a piece of broken glass.
3. Licenses of drunk/drunken drivers, when and if apprehended, should be banned with immediate effect and without showing any mercy.
4. I got my hair cut.
5. If you don’t get out of my house, right now/away,
   I will get you arrested.
or, She got her husband arrested.
5. He passed a written order.
6. There were mixed reactions after the the Bill was passed.
7. Boiled eggs were served to the players.
8. A retired officer lives next door.
9. A lost opportunity never returns.
10. The party was excellent, I would like to thank all the people concerned.

Causative verb āĻāϰ āĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে

have + action doer + base form
Or, get + action doer + full infinitive (to + base form)

The teacher had him sit/sit for the test.
I get an electrician to mend the heating.
I had him clean the floor/wash the car.

have/get + action receiver + past participle
(āĻāĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝāϟি passive āĻšā§Ÿে āϝা⧟) 

I'm going to have my hair cut.
They had the house painted.
He had his car repaired.
While cooking she got her hand burnt.
I got my leg broken in the accident.

āϜাāύাāϰ āĻ•োāύো āĻļেāώ āύেāχ!
He makes me learn the lesson.
āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝāϟি āĻ­ুāϞ। (āϝাāĻĻেāϰ causative verb āφāĻ›ে āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āϏাāĻĨে make/get/have āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻ•āϰা āϝাāĻŦে āύা। āφāϰ help āĻŽূāϞāϤ causative verb āύ⧟, āϤাāχ āĻāϟি āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻ•āϰা āϝা⧟।)
āωāĻĒāϰোāĻ•্āϤ āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝāϟিāϰ āϏāĻ িāĻ• āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝ āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে āύিāĻŽ্āύোāĻ•্āϤ āĻĻুāϟি।
He helps me (to) learn the lesson.
(āϤিāύি āφāĻŽাāĻ•ে āĻĒ⧜াāϟি āĻļিāĻ–āϤে āϏাāĻšাāϝ্āϝ āĻ•āϰেāύ)
He makes me understand the lesson.
(āϤিāύি āφāĻŽাāĻ•ে āĻĒ⧜াāϟি āĻŦুāĻি⧟ে āĻĻেāύ/āĻŦুāĻাāύ)

āϏাāĻŽāĻž্āϜāϏ্āϝāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨ āĻšāϞে āĻāĻ•āχ verb āĻāϰ āϏাāĻĨে let, make, have, get, help āϏāĻŦāĻ—ুāϞোāχ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻ•āϰা āϝা⧟।
He let me do it.
(āϏে āφāĻŽাāĻ•ে āĻāϟা āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻĻিāϞ/āĻ…āύুāĻŽāϤি āĻĻিāϞ)
He made me do it.
(āϏে āφāĻŽাāĻ•ে āĻĻি⧟ে āĻāϟা āĻ•āϰাāϞো/āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻŦাāϧ্āϝ āĻ•āϰāϞ)
He had me do it.
(āϏে āφāĻŽাāĻ•ে āĻĻি⧟ে āĻāϟা āĻ•āϰাāϞো/āĻŦুāĻি⧟ে āĻāϟা āĻ•āϰাāϞো)
He got me to do it.
(āϏে āφāĻŽাāĻ•ে āĻĻি⧟ে āĻāϟা āĻ•āϰাāϞো/āφāĻŽাāĻ•ে āĻŦুāĻি⧟ে āĻ•āϰাāϞো)
He helped me (to) do it.
(āϏে āĻāϟা āĻ•āϰāϤে āφāĻŽাāĻ•ে āϏাāĻšাāϝ্āϝ āĻ•āϰāϞো)
āϜāύāϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨে : āĻŽাāϏ্āϟাāϰ āϜাāĻšাāĻ™্āĻ—ীāϰ āφāϞāĻŽ

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MASTER āĻŦāĻ‡ā§Ÿেāϰ PRONOUN āĻ…āϧ্āϝা⧟েāϰ 10 āϟা āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝাāϰ āϏāĻŽাāϧাāύ āĻāĻ•āϏাāĻĨে।

01. Neither of them saw ------. [‌āϏাāϰ্āĻ•েāϞ āĻ…্āϝাāĻĄāϜুāϟেāύ্āϟ-ā§Ļā§Ē]
     (āĻĻুāχāϜāύেāϰ āĻ•েāωāχ āĻāĻ•ে āĻ…āĻĒāϰāĻ•ে āĻĻেāĻ–েāύি)
A. each other     B. the other
C. one another   D. other
Ans: B (the other)
Incorrect : Neither of the saw each other.
Correct: Neither of them saw the other.
āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ–্āϝা
Neither āĻāϰ āϏাāĻĨে each other āĻŦāϏে āύা। Neither of them āĻŽাāύেāχ āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻĻুāχ āϜāύেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤ্āϝāĻ•āĻ•ে āĻŦুāĻাāύো āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে, āĻāĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে āφāϰ each other āĻĻāϰāĻ•াāϰ āύেāχ, āϤা āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻ•āϰāϞে redundancy āϜāύিāϤ āĻ­ুāϞ āĻšāĻŦে।
(āχংāϰেāϜি āφāϰ āĻŦাংāϞা āϤো āĻāĻ• āύ⧟। āχংāϰেāϜিāϤে either, neither, both āĻāϰ āϏাāĻĨে each other āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে redundant)
Incorrect : Neither of them trusts each other.
Correct: Neither of them trusts the other.
(āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻ•েāωāχ āĻāĻ•ে āĻ…āĻĒāϰāĻ•ে āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦাāϏ āĻ•āϰে āύা)
āĻ…āύুāϰূāĻĒ,
Neither side trusts the other.
(āĻĻুāχ āĻĒāĻ•্āώেāϰ āĻ•েāωāχ āĻāĻ•ে āĻ…āĻĒāϰāĻ•ে āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦাāϏ āĻ•āϰে āύা)
āφāϰāĻ“ āωāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖ
Reza and Runa are spouses but neither of them loves the other (each other āύ⧟)
Rahim and Rubel were close friends. Now neither of them (likes)/(talks to) the other.
It's an absurd situation. Neither of them will talk to the other.

02. Humans are the only factors in the ecosystem ------  are responsible for the changes in the ecology.
(āĻŦাāϏ্āϤুāĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝা⧟ āĻŽাāύুāώ āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে āĻŦাāϏ্āϤুāϏংāϏ্āĻĨাāύেāϰ āĻāĻ•āĻŽাāϤ্āϰ āύি⧟াāĻŽāĻ• āϝাāϰা āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤāύেāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻĻা⧟ী)
A. which      B. whom      C. who      D. what
āωāϤ্āϤāϰ : A (which)

āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ–্āϝা : āĻāχ āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝেāϰ āύিāĻ•āϟāϤāĻŽ antecedent āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে factors āϤাāχ pronoun āϟি which āύিāϤে āĻšāĻŦে।
Humans āφāϰ the only factors āĻāχ āĻĻুāϟো āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে antecedent (Humans āĻāĻ–াāύে ecosystem āύ⧟, āĻŦāϰং humans āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে factors āϤাāχ ecosystem āĻāĻ–াāύে antecedent āύ⧟, factors āĻ…āύুāϏাāϰে which)

āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ–্āϝ, the only āĻĨাāĻ•া⧟ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύে that āĻĨাāĻ•āϞে which āĻāϰ āϚে⧟ে that āĻĒ্āϰাāϧাāύ্āϝ āĻĒাāĻŦে।
Man is the only animal that uses language/fire.

03. Choose the correct sentence.
a) None of the three will do it.
b) Neither of the three will do
c) Either of the three will do.
d) Anybody of the three will do.
Ans:d
āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ–্āϝা
a) āϤে āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨ āĻĒāϰিāώ্āĻ•াāϰ āĻ•āϰে āĻŦুāĻাāύোāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ  three āĻĒāϰে persons (boys/men)/things (pens/book) āϞাāĻ—āĻŦে।
b) & c) āϤে either, neither āĻāϰ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻ­ুāϞ। āĻ•াāϰāĻŖ either, neither āĻĻুāĻ‡ā§Ÿেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤ্āϝেāĻ•āĻ•ে āĻŦুāĻাāϤে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ।
d) āϤে anybody āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻ•āϰে āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤি āĻŦুāĻাāύো āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে।
anybody of three will do. (āϤিāύāϜāύেāϰ āϝে āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤি āĻšāϞেāχ āϚāϞāĻŦে)৷ āϤাāχ āĻāϟাāχ āϏāĻ িāĻ• āωāϤ্āϤāϰ āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨাā§Ž d)

04. Which one of the following sentences is correct? [DU 1999-00, IU G 2013-14]
A) Selim, you and I shall be punished.
B) I, you and Selim shall be punished.
C) You, me and Selim shall be punished.
D) You, Selim and I shall be punished.
āϏāĻ িāĻ• āωāϤ্āϤāϰ D
āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύāϟি A text book of advanced functional English by Mohiuddin & Kashem āĻāϰ āĻŦāĻ‡ā§Ÿেāϰ correction āĻ…ংāĻļ āĻĨেāĻ•ে āϏেāϟ āĻ•āϰা āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›িāϞ।
āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ–্āϝা:
You, Selim and I shall be punished.
āĻāϟা (āĻļাāϏ্āϤি āĻĒাāĻ“ā§Ÿা) āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ āĻŦিāĻŦৃāϤি āϤাāχ 231 āĻ…āύুāϏাāϰে Subject pronoun āĻŦāϏেāĻ›ে। āĻāϤে āĻ•োāύো āĻĻোāώ āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা āĻ…āĻĒāϰাāϧ āϏ্āĻŦীāĻ•াāϰ āĻ•āϰা āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•াāĻļ āĻĒা⧟āύি।
āĻ…āĻĒāϰাāϧ āϏ্āĻŦীāĻ•াāϰ āĻ•āϰাāϰ āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝāĻ—ুāϞো
āύিāĻŽ্āύোāĻ•্āϤ āϧāϰāύেāϰ āĻšā§Ÿ। āϏেāĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে 123 āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা 132 āύি⧟āĻŽ āĻ…āύুāϏাāϰে Subject pronoun āĻŦāϏে।
I, you and he committed the crime/murder.
I, you and he are to blame.
I, you and he are guilty.
I, you and he are at fault ( = responsible) for this.
I and you broke the glass.
I and you stole the bicycle.

05. Let  -  introduce  -  to  -  . [CU E, Law 2015-16]
A. my, you, his   
B. me, you, him
C. myself, yourself, himself
D. mine, yours, he
E. him, she, their
Ans:B

verb āĻāĻŦং preposition āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে pronoun āĻāϰ object form āĻŦāϏে।
āϤাāχ āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝāϟি āĻšāĻŦে
Let me introduce you to him.
(āϤোāĻŽাāĻ•ে āϤাāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āĻĒāϰিāϚ⧟ āĻ•āϰি⧟ে āĻĻিāχ)

āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ–্āϝ, āĻāĻ•āϏাāĻĨে āĻĨাāĻ•āϞে 231 āύি⧟āĻŽ āĻ…āύুāϏāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰে
āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύে āϤো āφāϞাāĻĻা āφāϞাāĻĻা āϜা⧟āĻ—া⧟ āĻļূāύ্āϝāϏ্āĻĨাāύ।
āϤাāχ āĻāĻ–াāύে 231 āĻāχ āĻ•্āϰāĻŽ āĻ…āύুāϏāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻŦে āύা।

āĻāĻ• āϏাāĻĨে āĻĨাāĻ•āϞে 231
The man kindly helped you, him and me.

06. Choose the correct sentence.
[āĻŦাংāϞাāĻĻেāĻļ āĻŦ্āϝাংāĻ• āϏāĻšāĻ•াāϰী āĻĒāϰিāϚাāϞāĻ• ⧍ā§Ļā§Ļā§Ŧ]
A. The presents are for you and me.
B. The presents are for you and I.
C. The presents are for me and you.
D. The presents are for I and we.
Ans:A

āĻāĻ–াāύে be verb āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে preposition 'for' āφāĻ›ে āϤাāχ āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে pronoun āĻāϰ object form āĻŦāϏāĻŦে āĻāĻŦং 231 āĻ•্āϰāĻŽ āĻ…āύুāϏাāϰে āĻŦāϏāĻŦে।
āϤাāχ āϏāĻ িāĻ• āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে The presents are for you and me.
(āωāĻĒāĻšাāϰāĻ—ুāϞো āϤোāĻŽাāϰ āĻāĻŦং āφāĻŽাāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ)

āϧাāĻŽাāĻ•া!
One of + possessive determiner + plural noun āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤে A + noun + of + possessive pronoun āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻ•āϰা āĻšā§Ÿে āĻĨাāĻ•ে।
[āĻāĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে of āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে objective pronoun (me, him, you) āĻāϰ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻ­ুāϞ]

possessive pronouns:
mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs

One of my brothers is a doctor.
= A brother of mine is a doctor.
One of my laptops has been lost.
= A laptop of mine has been lost.
He is a friend of mine. ( = one of my friends)
I heard the news from a relative of his.
( = one of his relatives)
He is an old friend of mine. = He is one of my friends and we have been friends for a long time/I have known him for a long time.

07. When a man tended to know how I had got - contact number, I told him that I was given it by a relative of --.  [BSMRSTU (F) 18-19]
A. him/him   B. his/bim
C. him/his     D. his/his
Ans:D
a relative of his = one of his relatives

08. A laptop of - has been lost. [MBSTU (B) 16-17]
   (āφāĻŽাāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟা āϞ্āϝাāĻĒāϟāĻĒ āĻšাāϰি⧟ে āĻ—েāĻ›ে) 
A. my   B. mine   C. me   D. I
Ans:B
A laptop of mine = one of my laptops

09. You shouldn’t say nasty things about Jessica.
   She is a friend of ---. [CU E 02-03]
A. her   B. you C. ours  D. me
Ans:C
She is a friend of ours = She is one of our friends.

10. A snake can eat and digest animals much larger than -------------. [DU B 2013-14]
(āĻāĻ•āϟা āϏাāĻĒ āϤাāϰ āύিāϜেāϰ āϚে⧟ে āĻŦেāĻļ āĻŦ⧜ āφāĻ•াāϰেāϰ āϜীāĻŦāĻ•ে āĻ–ে⧟ে āĻšāϜāĻŽ āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻĒাāϰে)
A. it    B. itself   C. its    D. it has
āϏāĻ িāĻ• āωāϤ্āϤāϰ B. itself
āϝāĻ–āύ subject āĻāĻŦং verb/preposition āĻāϰ object āĻāĻ•āχ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤি āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা āĻŦāϏ্āϤুāĻ•ে āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļ āĻ•āϰে āϤāĻ–āύ object āĻāϰ āϏ্āĻĨāϞে reflexive pronoun āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ।
Incorrect: I love me. 
Correct: I love myself.
āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύāϟা Barron's TOEFL āĻāϰ Problem 50 āĻāϰ Part A āĻāϰ āωāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖāϟি āĻāĻ•āϟু āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤāύ āĻ•āϰে āϏেāϟ āĻ•āϰা āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›িāϞ।
The jaw structure of a snake permits it to eat and digest animals much larger than ---
A. it    B. itself    C. its    D. it has
Ans: B. (itself)

āϜāύāϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨে: āĻŽাāϏ্āϟাāϰ āϜাāĻšাāĻ™্āĻ—ীāϰ āφāϞāĻŽ

=====================

MASTER āĻŦāĻ‡ā§Ÿেāϰ NOUN āĻ…āϧ্āϝা⧟েāϰ āĻŦিāĻ­্āϰাāύ্āϤিāĻ•āϰ 11 āϟি āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύেāϰ āϏāĻŽাāϧাāύ।

01. The committee ---- unable to agree on this question.
A. is  B. was   C. were   D. none
Ans:C (British English āĻ…āύুāϏাāϰে।)
āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύāϟিāϰ āωāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖāϟি A text book of Advanced Functional English by Mohiuddin & Kashem āĻŦāχ āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻšুāĻŦুāĻšু āύে⧟া āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে।।
The committee were unable to agree on this question/point. (āĻāχ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύে/āĻŦিāώ⧟ে āĻ•āĻŽিāϟিāϰ āϏāĻĻāϏ্āϝāϰা āĻāĻ•āĻŽāϤ āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰেāύি)
āĻāĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে unable to agree = disagree
āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨাā§Ž āϏāĻĻāϏ্āϝāϰা āĻāĻ•āĻŽāϤ āύ⧟, āϤাāχ plural verb (were) āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে। 
Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary āϤে āĻāĻŽāύ āĻāĻ•āϟা āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝ āφāĻ›ে āϝেāĻ–াāύে was āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻ•āϰা āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে।
The jury was unable to reach a verdict.

02. I recognised your voice at once.
Here 'voice' is a/an ----- noun
A) common  B) abstract
C) material   D) none
Ans:A
voice āĻāϰ plural form āĻ•āϰা āϝা⧟ āĻāĻŦং āĻāϰ āφāĻ—ে article 'a/an' āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻ•āϰা āϝা⧟ āϤাāχ voice āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে common noun
I could hear the sound of several voices.
She could hear voices in the kitchen.
I could hear voices in the next room.
He spoke in a loud/clear/deep voice.
"I can't bear it," he said in a choked voice.

03. Which of the following word is not similar to 'school'? [IU āϚ 10-11, BBA 15-16]
A. flock  B. herd  C. college D. pack
Ans:C
āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ–্āϝা : āĻāĻ–াāύে school āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা āĻŽাāĻ›েāϰ āĻাāĻ• āĻŦুāĻি⧟েāĻ›ে āϝা āĻāĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে  collective noun āĻšāĻŦে।  flock, herd, pack āĻāϰাāĻ“ collective noun āφāϰ college āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ common noun

04. An army is ---
A. Common noun
B. Collective noun
Ans:B
Collective noun āĻāϰ āφāĻ—ে article (a/an/the) āĻŦāϏāϤে āĻĒাāϰে। a team, the committee, a family, an army
āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻāĻĻেāϰ plural āĻšāϞে āĻāϰা common noun āĻšā§Ÿে āϝা⧟।
two teams, many teams, several families, many families, five families āχāϤ্āϝাāĻĻি।

05. āĻ•োāύāϟি Abstract noun?
[āĻĒ্āϰাāĻĨāĻŽিāĻ• āĻĒ্āϰāϧাāύ āĻļিāĻ•্āώāĻ• (āĻ•্āϰিāϏাāύāĻĨিāĻŽাāĻŽ)-⧍ā§Ļ⧧⧍]
A. Agency
B. Infant
C. Anxious
D. Grand
Ans: A (Agency-āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāύিāϧিāϤ্āĻŦ)
Infant (common noun) - infancy (abstract noun)
[infantry (āĻĒāĻĻাāϤিāĻ• āĻŦাāĻšিāύী)- collective noun ]
Anxious (adjective) - Anxiety (abstract noun)
Grand (adjective) - grandeur (āĻ—্āϰ‍্āϝাāύāϜাāϰ)- abstract noun

06. What kind of noun is 'money'?     [IU H 14- 15,
āĻļিāĻ•্āώা āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•ৌāĻļāϞ āĻ…āϧিāĻĻāĻĒ্āϤāϰেāϰ āϏāĻšāĻ•াāϰী āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•ৌāĻļāϞী-⧧⧝]
A. collective   B. abstract
C. countable  D. uncountable
Ans:D
What kind of noun 'money'?  [āĻļ্āϰāĻŽ āĻ“ āĻ•āϰ্āĻŽāϏংāϏ্āĻĨাāύ āĻŽāύ্āϤ্āϰāĻŖাāϞ⧟েāϰ āĻļ্āϰāĻŽ āĻĒāϰিāĻĻāϰ্āĻļāĻ• (āϏেāĻĢāϟি) ⧍ā§Ļ⧧⧝]
A. collective noun  B. abstract noun
C. countable noun  D. uncountable noun
Ans:D
Money āĻ•েāύ uncountable noun?

Money āĻŽাāύে āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨ। āĻŦাংāϞা⧟ āφāĻŽāϰা "āϟাāĻ•া" āĻŦāϞে āĻĨাāĻ•ি āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻ…āύ্āϝ āĻĻেāĻļে āĻ•ি money āĻŽাāύে "āϟাāĻ•া" āĻŦāϞে? āύা, āĻŦāϞে āύা।
(āϟাāĻ•া, āĻĄāϞা, āĻĒাāωāύ্āĻĄ, āύোāϟ, āĻŽুāĻĻ্āϰা āĻāĻ—ুāϞো āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨেāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻŽাāĻŖ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•াāĻļāĻ• āĻāĻ•āĻ•)
a money, one money, two moneys, moneys āĻšā§Ÿ āύা āϤাāχ money āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে uncountable noun āĻšāĻŦে।
uncountable noun āĻāϰ āφāĻ—ে a/an, number āĻŦāϏে āύা āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা āĻāϰ plural form āĻšā§Ÿ āύা।
āĻ•িāύ্āϤু money āĻāϰ countable noun āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে a dollar, a pound, a taka, a note, a coin āχāϤ্āϝাāĻĻি।

Star āĻ•েāύ countable noun?

07. Which one of the following fall under uncountable noun? [SUST B 2008-09]
A. Star   B. Rice     C. Field   C. Foe (āĻĢৌ-āĻļāϤ্āϰু)
Ans:B
Star āĻ•ে countable noun āĻŦāϞা āĻšā§Ÿ?
Man, cow āĻāĻĻেāϰ āĻŽāϤো star āĻāϰ āφāĻ—ে a/an āĻŦāϏাāύো āϝা⧟, star āĻāϰ plural āĻ•āϰা āϝা⧟।
The sun is a star.
There are millions of stars in space. (the space āύ⧟)
We looked up at the stars in the sky. 
The sky is devoid of stars.
At night you can see the stars.
(star āĻ…āϏংāĻ–্āϝ āϤেāĻŽāύি āĻĒৃāĻĨিāĻŦীāϤে āĻŽাāύুāώ, āĻ—āϰুāϰ āϏংāĻ–্āϝাāĻ“ āĻ…āϏংāĻ–্āϝ, āϏāĻŦ āĻ—āĻŖāύা āϏāĻŽ্āĻ­āĻŦ āύ⧟। āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻ—āĻŖāύাāϰ āϧাāϰāĻŖা āĻāĻĻেāϰ āĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে āĻĒ্āϰ⧟োāĻ— āĻ•āϰা āϝা⧟। āϤাāχ āĻāϰা countable noun āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে) 
The sun is a -------.  
[IFIC Bank Ltd. Transaction Service Officer 2019]
A. Asteroid    B. Star
C. Planet        D. Matter
Ans:B

āĻ…āύেāĻ•ে āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύāϟি āĻ•āϰেāĻ›েāύ।
08. Journey āĻ•োāύ noun?
A. Abstract noun     B. Common noun
Ans: B
āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ–্āϝা
Journey āĻāϰ āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে countable noun āϤাāχ āĻāϰ āφāĻ—ে a/an āĻŦāϏাāύো āϝা⧟ āĻāĻŦং āĻāϰ plural āĻ•āϰা āϝা⧟ āĻŦāϞে āĻāϟি āĻ—āĻŖāύাāϝোāĻ—্āϝ āϤাāχ journey āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে common noun
A journey by bus/train/boal/plane etc.
Last year we had a journey across Europe by train.
I made a journey of 10 miles by car.
I wish you a safe journey.
(āϤোāĻŽাāϰ āύিāϰাāĻĒāĻĻ āĻ­্āϰāĻŽāĻŖ āĻ•াāĻŽāύা āĻ•āϰি)
= (May you) Have a safe journey!
(āϤোāĻŽাāϰ āϝাāϤ্āϰা āύিāϰাāĻĒāĻĻ āĻšোāĻ•)
It is a seven-hour train journey from Rajshahi to Dhaka. (āϰাāϜāĻļাāĻšী āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻĸাāĻ•া āϏাāϤ āϘāύ্āϟাāϰ āϟ্āϰেāύ āĻ­্āϰāĻŽāĻŖ)
I love going on long journeys.
āĻ•িāύ্āϤু Travel āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে uncount noun āĻāĻŦং āĻāϟি Abstract noun
My job involves a lot of travel.
āĻŦ্āϝāϤিāĻ•্āϰāĻŽ
āφāύāύ্āĻĻāĻĒ্āϰাāĻĒ্āϤিāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻ•াāϰো āĻŦিāĻĻেāĻļে āĻ…āύেāĻ• āĻ­্āϰāĻŽāĻŖ (journeys) āĻŦুāĻাāϤে travels āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿে āĻĨাāĻ•ে।
Gulliver's Travels is still favourite. 
The novel is based on his travels in Europe.

09. Prices have increased by ---- 300 percent.
Applications have risen --- by 60% this year.
A. as many as
B. as much as
Ans:B (as much as)
Per cent /percent (%) āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা āĻĒāϰিāĻŽাāĻŖ āĻŦুāĻা⧟ āϤাāχ as much as āĻšāĻŦে। āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āĻĒাāĻ“ā§Ÿা āĻŦুāĻাāϞে as much as āĻāĻŦং āĻ•āĻŽে āϝাāĻ“ā§Ÿা āĻŦা āĻš্āϰাāϏ āĻĒাāĻ“ā§Ÿা āĻŦুāĻাāϞে as little as āĻšāĻŦে।
Prices have risen/increased by as much as 300%.
Prices have reduced/decreased by as little as 30%

10. It costs relatively --- and you can save a lot.
A. a little    B. little   C. small
Ans: B (little)
relatively + positive degree of adjective/adverb
āĻāĻ–াāύে cost āĻ•ে modify āĻ•āϰāϤে adverb āĻĻāϰāĻ•াāϰ āφāϰ little āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে adjective āĻāĻŦং adverb āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে।
āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨাā§Ž It + costs + relatively little āĻšāĻŦে।
Subject + LV (linking verb) + relatively small.
It is relatively small. It costs relatively little.

11. ----- in this display is on sale.
[āĻ•āϰ্āĻŽāϏংāϏ্āĻĨাāύ āĻ“ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļিāĻ•্āώāĻŖ āĻŦ্āϝুāϰোāϰ āωāĻĒ-āĻĒāϰিāϚাāϞāĻ• ⧍ā§Ļā§Ļā§­]
A. Each furniture
B. Each pieces of furniture
C. Each piece of furniture
D. Each furnitures
āϏāĻ িāĻ• āωāϤ্āϤāϰ C. Each piece of furniture
Each piece of furniture in this display is on sale.
(UK- āĻāχ āĻĒ্āϰāĻĻāϰ্āĻļāύীāϤে āϰাāĻ–া āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāϟি āφāϏāĻŦাāĻŦāĻĒāϤ্āϰ āĻŦিāĻ•্āϰি āĻ•āϰা āĻšāĻŦে। US- āĻāχ āĻĒ্āϰāĻĻāϰ্āĻļāύীāϤে āϰাāĻ–া āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāϟি āφāϏāĻŦাāĻŦāĻĒāϤ্āϰ āĻš্āϰাāϏāĻ•ৃāϤ āĻŽূāϞ্āϝে āĻŦিāĻ•্āϰি āĻ•āϰা āĻšāĻŦে)
āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ–্āϝা
Each, Every, Another āĻāχ determiner āĻ—ুāϞো āĻļুāϧুāĻŽাāϤ্āϰ singular countable noun āĻāϰ āφāĻ—ে āĻŦāϏে। āϤাāχ furniture āĻāϰ āφāĻ—ে āϏāϰাāϏāϰি Each āĻŦāϏাāύো āϝাāĻŦে āύা, āĻāĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে uncountable noun "furniture" āĻ•ে countable noun āĻ āϰূāĻĒাāύ্āϤāϰিāϤ āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻšāĻŦে, āϏেāĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে āϤাāϰ āφāĻ—ে piece of āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা item of āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻšāĻŦে। Each āϝেāĻšেāϤু singular āϤাāχ Each piece of furniture āĻšāĻŦে।

āϜেāύে āϰাāĻ–ুāύ-
āϏাāĻŽāĻ—্āϰিāĻ•āĻ­াāĻŦে āĻŦুāĻাāϞে furniture āφāϰ āφāϞাāĻĻা āφāϞাāĻĻা āĻ­াāĻŦে āĻŦুāĻাāϞে piece/item of furniture

āĻŦাংāϞা āĻĨেāĻ•ে āχংāϰেāϜি :
ā§§. āĻ…āĻĢিāϏেāϰ āφāϏāĻŦাāĻŦāĻĒāϤ্āϰ āĻŦিāĻ•্āϰি āĻšāĻŦে।
    The furniture of the office will be sold.
⧍. āĻĢাāϰ্āύিāϚাāϰāϟি āĻ•াāĻĒāĻŦোāϰ্āĻĄ āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻāĻŦং āϟেāĻŦিāϞ āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻĻুāϟো āωāĻĻ্āĻĻেāĻļ্āϝে āĻŽেāϟা⧟।
The piece of furniture serves a dual purpose as a cupboard and as a table.

āχংāϰেāϜি āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻŦাংāϞা
1. The only piece/item of furniture he has in his bedroom is a bed.
(āĻāĻ•āĻŽাāϤ্āϰ āφāϏāĻŦাāĻŦ āϤাāϰ āϘāϰে āφāĻ›ে āϤা āĻšāϞো āĻāĻ•āϟা āĻŦিāĻ›াāύা)
2. Each piece of furniture in this display is on sale.
(āĻĒ্āϰāĻĻāϰ্āĻļāύে āϰাāĻ–া āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāϟি āφāϏāĻŦাāĻŦ āĻŦিāĻ•্āϰি āĻšāĻŦে)

āϜāύāϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨে: āĻŽাāϏ্āϟাāϰ āϜাāĻšাāĻ™্āĻ—ীāϰ āφāϞāĻŽ

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A most Vs The most

He saw -- most wonderful sight.
[IU āĻ— 12-13, C 16-17]
He leads --- most unhappy life.
(āϏে āĻ–ুāĻŦ āĻ…āϏুāĻ–ী āϜীāĻŦāύ āϝাāĻĒāύ āĻ•āϰে)
[āĻĒিāĻāϏāϏি’āϰ āϏāϚিāĻŦাāϞ⧟ে āϏāĻšāĻ•াāϰী āϏāϚিāĻŦ ⧍ā§Ļā§Ļā§Ģ, āĻŦাংāϞাāĻĻেāĻļ āĻĒāϰিāϏংāĻ–্āϝাāύ āĻŦ্āϝুāϰোāϰ āĻĄাāϟা āĻāύ্āϟ্āϰি/āĻ•āύ্āϟ্āϰোāϞ āĻ…āĻĒাāϰেāϟāϰ ⧍ā§Ļ⧍ā§Ļ]
A. the       B. an    
C. a          D. all
Ans: C (a)

A most āĻšā§Ÿ āĻ•āĻ–āύ?
most āϝāĻ–āύ very āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ āĻāĻŦং āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে adjective +noun āĻĨাāĻ•āϞে most āĻāϰ āφāĻ—ে a āĻŦāϏে। āĻāĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে āϤুāϞāύা āύা āĻŦুāĻি⧟ে āĻŦিāĻļেāώāĻŖেāϰ āφāϧিāĻ•্āϝ āĻŦুāĻা⧟। āĻāϟা āĻŽূāϞāϤ formal English āĻ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ।
Master is a most helpful book of English for competitive exams.
A most helpful book = A very helpful book
I saw a most wonderful sight.
It's a most important issue and we need to discuss it.

He leads a most unhappy life. [RU BBA 2003-04]
(Make it Assertive to Exclamatory sentence)
A. What a unhappy life he leads!
B. What an unhappy life he lead!
C. What an unhappy life he leads!
D. What a unhappy life he lead!
Ans:C

āϤুāϞāύা āĻŦুāĻাāϞে the most
She is the most beautiful girl in the university.
( --- āϏāĻŦāϚে⧟ে āϏুāύ্āĻĻāϰ --)

āϤুāϞāύা āύা āĻŦুāĻাāϞে
She is a most beautiful girl.
(---- āĻ–ুāĻŦ āϏুāύ্āĻĻāϰ ----)
āϜāύāϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨে: āĻŽাāϏ্āϟাāϰ āϜাāĻšাāĻ™্āĻ—ীāϰ āφāϞāĻŽ

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āϚাāĻ•āϰি āĻ“ āĻ­āϰ্āϤিāĻĒāϰীāĻ•্āώাāϰ্āĻĨীāĻĻেāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ
William Shakespeare āĻāϰ āĻ•িāĻ›ু āωāĻ•্āϤি

1. The evil that men do lives after them; the good is oft interred with their bones. [Julius Caeser]
(āĻŽাāύুāώেāϰ āĻ•ৃāϤ āĻ–াāϰাāĻĒ āĻ•াāϜ āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝুāϰ āĻĒāϰেāĻ“ āϟিāĻ•ে āĻĨাāĻ•ে/āϰ⧟ে āϝা⧟; āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻ­াāϞো āĻ•াāϜāĻ•ে āĻĒ্āϰা⧟āĻļāχ āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āϏাāĻĨেāχ āϏāĻŽাāĻšিāϤ āĻ•āϰা āĻšā§Ÿ।)

2. I am a man more sinned against than sinning.
[King Lear] (āφāĻŽি āϝāϤ āĻ…āύ্āϝা⧟ āĻ•āϰেāĻ›ি āϤাāϰ āϚে⧟ে āĻŦেāĻļি āĻ…āύ্āϝা⧟ āφāĻŽাāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āĻ•āϰা āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে।)

3. My love is richer than my tongue." 
(āφāĻŽাāϰ āĻ­াāϞোāĻŦাāϏা āĻŽুāĻ–ে āĻŦোāĻাāύো āϏāĻŽ্āĻ­āĻŦ āύ⧟।) [King Lear]

4. Cowards die many times before their deaths; The valiant never taste of death but once. [Julius Caeser] (āĻ•াāĻĒুāϰুāώেāϰা āĻŽāϰাāϰ āφāĻ—ে āĻŦাāϰ āĻŦাāϰ āĻŽāϰে; āϏাāĻšāϏীāϰা āĻāĻ•āĻŦাāϰāχ āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝুāϰ āϏ্āĻŦাāĻĻ āύে⧟।) 

5. Uneasy lies the head that wears a crown--William Shakespeare. (āϰাāϜāĻŽুāĻ•ুāϟ āĻĒāϰা āĻŽাāĻĨা⧟ āĻļাāύ্āϤিāϤে āϘুāĻŽ āĻšā§Ÿ āύা।āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা, āĻŽুāĻ•ুāϟ āύা āφāĻ—ুāύেāϰ āĻĄাāϞা।) [King Henry-4]

6. There is nothing either good or bad but thinking makes it so. [Hamlet]
(āĻ­াāϞো āĻŦা āĻŽāύ্āĻĻ āĻŦāϞāϤে āĻĒৃāĻĨিāĻŦীāϤে āĻ•িāĻ›ুāχ āύেāχ āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻāĻŽāύ āϚিāύ্āϤাāχ/āĻ­াāĻŦāύাāχ āĻ•োāύো  āĻ•িāĻ›ুāĻ•ে āĻ­াāϞো āĻŦা āĻŽāύ্āĻĻ āĻŦাāύা⧟।)

7. Some are born great, some achieve greatness, and some have greatness thrust upon them.
[Twelfth Night]
(āĻ•িāĻ›ু āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤি āĻ–্āϝাāϤিāĻŽাāύ āĻšā§Ÿে āϜāύ্āĻŽা⧟, āĻ•িāĻ›ু āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤি āĻ–্āϝাāϤি āĻ…āϰ্āϜāύ āĻ•āϰে āĻāĻŦং āĻ•িāĻ›ু āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤিāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻ–্āϝাāϤি āϚাāĻĒি⧟ে āĻĻে⧟া āĻšā§Ÿ।)

8. All the world's a stage
    And all the men and women are merely players. (āϏāĻŽāĻ—্āϰ āĻĒৃāĻĨিāĻŦীāϟাāχ āϰāĻ™্āĻ—āĻŽāĻž্āϚ āĻāĻŦং āϏāĻ•āϞ āύāϰ-āύাāϰী āĻ•েāĻŦāϞ āĻ•ুāĻļীāϞāĻŦ।) [As You Like It]

9. Brevity is the soul of wit. [Hamlet]
(āϏংāĻ•্āώিāĻĒ্āϤāϤা āϰāϏিāĻ•āϤাāϰ/āĻŦুāĻĻ্āϧিāϰ āĻĒ্āϰাāĻŖ।
āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা, āĻĒ্āϰাāϜ্āĻž āϞোāĻ•েāϰা āĻ•āĻŽ āĻ•āĻŽা āĻŦāϞেāύ)

10. There are more things in heaven and earth, Horatio, than are dreamt of in our philosophy.
[Hamlet] (āĻšোāϰাāĻļিāĻ“, āφāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āϏুāĻĻূāϰ āĻ•āϞ্āĻĒāύাāϤেāĻ“ āϝা āĻ­াāĻŦāϤে āĻĒাāϰি āύা, āϤাāϰ āϚে⧟েāĻ“ āĻŦেāĻļি āĻ•িāĻ›ু āϏ্āĻŦāϰ্āĻ— āĻ“ āĻĒৃāĻĨিāĻŦীāϤে āφāĻ›ে।)
āĻāχ āωāĻ•্āϤিāϟি āĻŽাāύুāώেāϰ āϜ্āĻžাāύ āĻŦা āϚিāύ্āϤাāϰ āϚিāύ্āϤাāϰ āϏীāĻŽাāĻŦāĻĻ্āϧāϤা āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļ āĻ•āϰে।

11. Sweet are the uses of adversity. (As You Like It)
(āĻĻুঃāĻ–েāϰ āĻĒ্āϰ⧟োāϜāύী⧟āϤা āĻŽāϧুāϰ। āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা, āĻŦিāĻĒāϰ্āϝ⧟ āĻ…āĻ­িāĻļাāĻĒ āύ⧟, āφāĻļিāϰ্āĻŦাāĻĻ)

12. The miserable have no other medicine but only hope. [Measure for Measure] (āĻ•েāĻŦāϞ āφāĻļা āĻ›া⧜া āĻšāϤāĻ­াāĻ—্āϝāĻĻেāϰ āφāϰ āĻ•োāύো āĻ”āώুāϧ/āϤাāĻŦিāϜ āύাāχ।)

13. To be, or not to be; that is the question. [Hamlet]
[āĻ িāĻ• āĻšāĻŦে āύাāĻ•ি āĻšāĻŦে āύা; āϏেāϟাāχ āϤো āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύ)
āĻāχ āωāĻ•্āϤিāϟিāϰ āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা Hamlet āĻāϰ āϏিāĻĻ্āϧাāύ্āϤāĻšীāύāϤাāϰ āĻŦāĻšিঃāĻĒ্āϰāĻ•াāĻļ āϘāϟেāĻ›ে। Shakespeare āĻāϰ Hamlet āĻ āĻŦিāĻŦৃāϤ āĻāχ āĻŦিāĻ–্āϝাāϤ  āωāĻ•্āϤিāϟি āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে āϏāĻŦāϚে⧟ে āĻĒāϰিāϚিāϤ soliloquy āĻāϰ āωāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖ।

14. Veni, Vidi, Vici. [Julius Caeser]
(āφāϏāϞাāĻŽ, āĻĻেāĻ–āϞাāĻŽ, āϜ⧟ āĻ•āϰāϞাāĻŽ।)

15. Frailty, thy name is woman. [Hamlet]
(āĻ­āĻ™্āĻ—ুāϰāϤা, āϤোāϰ āύাāĻŽāχ āύাāϰী। = āύাāϰীāϰ āĻ…āĻĒāϰ āύাāĻŽ āĻ­āĻ™্āĻ—ুāϰāϤা)

16. Better three hours too soon than a minute too late. [The Merry Wives of Windsor ]
āĻ āωāĻ•্āϤি āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা āĻĻেāϰিāϤে āĻĒৌঁāĻ›াāύোāϰ āύেāϤিāĻŦাāϚāĻ•āϤা āϤুāϞে āϧāϰা āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে।

17. There is a divinity that shapes our ends.
(āĻ­াāĻ—্āϝāχ/āĻ•োāύো āϐāĻļ্āĻŦāϰিāĻ• āĻļāĻ•্āϤিāχ āφāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āϞāĻ•্āώ্āϝ/āĻĒāϰিāĻŖāϤি āύিāϰ্āϧাāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰে āĻĻে⧟) āĻāχ view (āĻĻৃāώ্āϟিāĻ­āĻ™্āĻ—ি) āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤ āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে Hamlet āύাāϟāĻ•ে।

18. Corruption wins not more than honesty.
(āĻĻুāϰ্āύীāϤি āϏāϤāϤাāϰ āϚে⧟ে āĻŦেāĻļি āĻ•িāĻ›ু āĻ…āϰ্āϜāύ āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻĒাāϰে āύা)

19. Conscience does make cowards of us all.
(āĻŦিāĻŦেāĻ• āφāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āφāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āϏāĻŦাāχāĻ•ে āĻ­ীāϤু āĻŦাāύা⧟)

20. Our enemies are outward consciences.
(āφāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āĻļāϤ্āϰুāϰা āφāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•াāĻļ্āϝ āĻŦিāĻŦেāĻ• āĻŽাāύে āĻļāϤ্āϰুāϰা āφāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰāĻ•ে āϏāĻĻা āϏāϤāϰ্āĻ• āϰাāĻ–ে)

21. Some rise by sin and some by virtue fall.
[Measure for Measure]
(āĻĒাāĻĒে āĻ•াāϰো āωāϤ্āĻĨাāύ āĻšā§Ÿ āφāϰ āĻĒূāĻŖ্āϝে āĻ•াāϰো āĻĒāϤāύ āĻšā§Ÿ āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨাā§Ž āĻ…āύ্āϝা⧟ āĻ•āϰেāĻ“ āĻ•েāω āϞাāĻ­āĻŦাāύ āĻšā§Ÿ āφāϰ āĻ¸ā§Ž āĻĨেāĻ•েāĻ“/āĻĨাāĻ•া⧟ āĻ•াāϰো āĻ•্āώāϤি āĻšā§Ÿ)
āφāϰāĻ“ āĻāĻŽāύ āϏāĻšāϜ āĻ…āύুāĻŦাāĻĻ āĻĒেāϤে Master āĻŦāĻ‡ā§Ÿেāϰ Quotation āĻ…āϧ্āϝা⧟ āĻĻেāĻ–ুāύ।
āϜāύāϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨে: āĻŽাāϏ্āϟাāϰ āϜাāĻšাāĻ™্āĻ—ীāϰ āφāϞāĻŽ

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āĻŦ্āϝāϤিāĻ•্āϰāĻŽী āĻ“ āύāϤুāύ āĻ•িāĻ›ু āĻļিāĻ–াāϤে āφāĻĒāύাāĻĻেāϰ āĻĒাāĻļে MASTER

āχংāϰেāϜি āĻ—্āϰ‍্āϝাāĻŽাāϰে āĻŦ্āϝাāĻĒāĻ• āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤāύ āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে āϤা āĻāĻĻেāĻļেāϰ āĻ…āύেāĻ• āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύāĻ•āϰ্āϤা āĻ…āĻŦāĻ—āϤ āύāύ, āωāύাāϰা āϏেāχ āĻŽাāύ্āϧাāϤাāϰ āφāĻŽāϞেāϰ āĻ—্āϰ‍্āϝাāĻŽাāϰ āĻŦāχ āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻšুāĻŦুāĻšু āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύ āĻ•āϰেāύ āϤাāϤে āĻ…āĻĒ্āϰāϚāϞিāϤ āĻŦিāώ⧟ āϚāϞে āφāϏে āϝা āĻāĻ–āύ āĻ…āϚāϞ āĻŦা āĻ…āĻĒ্āϰ⧟োāϜāύী⧟।

āĻĒ্āϰাāϰāĻŽ্āĻ­িāĻ•

āĻāĻ–āύ part of speech āĻ•ে word class āϧāϰা āĻšā§Ÿ āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻ–āύ āϤা ā§Ž āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•াāϰ āύ⧟, āĻŦāϰং ā§§ā§§ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•াāϰ। āύāϤুāύ āϤিāύāϟা āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে determiner, number/numeral āĻāĻŦং article
āφāĻŦাāϰ, āφāĻ—ে noun āĻŽোāϟ ā§Ģ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•াāϰ āϧāϰা āĻšāϤো।
āĻāĻ–āύ noun āĻŽোāϟ ā§Ē āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•াāϰ āϧāϰা āĻšā§Ÿ।
material noun āĻ•ে āĻŦাāĻĻ āĻĻে⧟া āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে।

Traditional grammar āĻ gerund āφāϰ present participle āĻāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰāĻ—āϤ āĻĒাāϰ্āĻĨāĻ•্āϝ āφāĻ›ে।
āĻ•িāύ্āϤু Modern grammar āĻ gerund term āĻ•ে āĻŦাāĻĻ āĻĻে⧟া āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে। āĻāĻ–āύ verb+ing āĻŽাāύে āϤা present participle
āφāϰ āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰেāϰ āωāĻĒāϰে āĻŦিāĻ­িāύ্āύ part of speech āĻšā§Ÿ।
āϤাāχ gerund āĻāĻŦং present participle āϏāύাāĻ•্āϤāĻ•āϰāĻŖেāϰ āωāĻĒāϰে āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύ āĻ•āϰা āĻŦাāĻĻ āĻĻে⧟া āωāϚিāϤ।

āĻĒ⧟েāύ্āϟ ā§Ļā§§.
āφāĻ—ে āϧāϰ্āĻŽী⧟ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒ্āϰāĻĻা⧟েāϰ āφāĻ—ে the āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšāϤো, āĻāĻ–āύ āĻšā§Ÿ āύা।

Traditional grammar āĻ…āύুāϏাāϰে āϧāϰ্āĻŽী⧟ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒ্āϰāĻĻা⧟েāϰ āύাāĻŽেāϰ āφāĻ—ে the āĻŦāϏে। The Hindus, The Muslims
āϝেāĻŽāύ: The Hindus have the custom of burning the dead. (āĻšিāύ্āĻĻুāĻĻেāϰ āĻŽৃāϤāĻĻেāϰāĻ•ে āĻĒো⧜াāύোāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨা āφāĻ›ে)
The Ganges is sacred to the Hindus.
(āĻ—āĻ™্āĻ—া āύāĻĻী āĻšিāύ্āĻĻুāĻĻেāϰ āĻ•াāĻ›ে āĻĒāĻŦিāϤ্āϰ)

āĻ•িāύ্āϤু Modern grammar āĻ āĻāĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে the āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ āύা।
Muslims fast during the Ramadan.
(āĻŽুāϏāϞিāĻŽāϰা āϰāĻŽāϜাāύে āϰোāϜা āϰাāĻ–ে)
Cows are sacred to Hindus.
(āĻ—āϰু āĻšিāύ্āĻĻুāĻĻেāϰ āĻ•াāĻ›ে āĻĒāĻŦিāϤ্āϰ)

Traditional grammar āĻ the measles, the mumps, the gout āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšāϤো, āĻāĻ–āύ Modern grammar āĻ the āĻ•ে āĻŦাāĻĻ āĻĻে⧟া āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে।

ā§Ļ⧍. āĻ…āύেāĻ• āĻĒ্āϰāĻŦাāĻĻেāϰ āĻ—āĻ āύেāĻ“ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤāύ āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে ।
āĻ•āώ্āϟ āύা āĻ•āϰāϞে āĻ•েāώ্āϟ āĻŽিāϞে āύা।
No pains, no gains. (Old-fashioned)
No pain, no gain.
(Modern/Present)
āĻŦāϏāϤে āĻĻিāϞে āĻļুāϤে āϚা⧟/āϞাāχ āĻĻিāϞে āĻ•ুāĻ•ুāϰ āĻŽাāĻĨা⧟ āωāĻ ে।
Give him an inch, and he will take an ell. (Old-fashioned)
Give sb an inch (and they'll take a mile/yard)
= Give him an inch, and he will take a mile/yard. (Modern/Present)

ā§Š. pronoun āĻāϰ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰāĻ—āϤ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤāύ āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে।
(āĻ•) Traditional grammar āĻ comparative āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰেāϰ than āĻ•ে conjunction āϧāϰা āĻšāϤো āĻāĻŦং āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে subjective pronoun āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšāϤো। āĻāĻ–āύ āϤা old-fashioned āĻāĻŦং much too formal। āφāĻŦাāϰ, as + positive degree of adjective + as āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে subjective pronoun āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšāϤো। āĻāϟাāĻ“ āĻāĻ–āύ old-fashioned āĻāĻŦং āĻ…āϤি formal āϧāϰা āĻšā§Ÿ। be verb āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে pronoun āĻāϰ subject form āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšāϤো। 
Traditional grammar āĻ
He is taller than I.
He is as good as I.
It is I.
āĻ•িāύ্āϤু than, as, be verb āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে Modern grammar āĻ object form āĻāϰ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āϏāĻ িāĻ• āϧāϰা āĻšā§Ÿ।
You're taller than me. (than as preposition)
You're taller than I am.
Hello, It's me.
If anyone's to blame, It's me.
A: 'Who's there?' B: 'Only me.'
He doesn’t earn as much as me.
He doesn’t earn as much as I do.
(āĻāĻ–াāύে as, than āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে verb āĻ›া⧜া āĻļুāϧু I āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻ•āϰা
old-fashioned āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা much too formal )

ā§Ļā§Ē. Preposition āĻāϰ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰে āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤāύ
ā§Ļā§§। āϝেāĻŽāύ āϞোāĻ­ী āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨে āφāĻ—ে traditional grammar āĻ greedy of āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšāϤো।
He is greedy of/after riches. (P K De Sarkar)
āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻāĻ–āύ Modern grammar āĻ greedy for āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ।
He is greedy for power/success.
The shareholders are greedy for profit. (OALD)

He has no taste for music. (Traditional)
He has no taste in music. (Modern)

ā§Ļ⧍। āĻ•োāύো (-) āĻĒāϰিāĻŦাāϰে āϜāύ্āĻŽ āύে⧟া āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨে come of āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ,
āφāĻ—ে āĻāĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে come from āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšāϤো āύা।
He comes of a good family.
He comes of a respectable family.

āĻāĻ–āύ Modern grammar āĻ…āύুāϏাāϰে come from āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ।
He comes from a good family.
He comes from a family of actors.
My wife comes from a pretty rich family.

Traditional grammar āĻ 'āĻ–ুāϞে āĻĢেāϞা' āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨে (remove clothes, shoes etc) āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨে put off, take off āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšāϤো।
āĻāĻ–āύ āĻļুāϧু take off āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ (put off āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ āύা)
āϤাāχ put on āĻāϰ āĻŦিāĻĒāϰীāϤ āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻāĻ–āύ take off āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻ•āϰা āĻšā§Ÿ (put off āύ⧟)
āĻāĻ•āχāĻ­াāĻŦে, āφāĻ—ে (form, gap) āĻĒূāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰা āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨে fill up āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšāϤো, āĻāĻ–āύ āĻāĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে fill in/fill out āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ।

āφāĻŽাāϰ āϚুāϞ āĻĒ⧜ে āϝাāϚ্āĻ›ে।
My hair is falling out. (Modern)
āĻāϟাāχ āĻāĻ–āύ āĻĒ্āϰāϚāϞিāϤ
My hair is falling off. (Traditional)
āĻāϟা āĻāĻ–āύ āĻĒ্āϰāϚāϞিāϤ āύ⧟।

āφāĻ—ে mankind āĻ•ে plural noun āϧāϰা āĻšāϤো āϤাāχ āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে plural verb āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻ•āϰা āĻšāϤো।
Mankind are never quite happy.
Mankind are worried about war.
āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻāĻ–āύ mankind āĻ•ে uncountable noun āϧāϰা āĻšā§Ÿ āϤাāχ singular verb āύে⧟।
Mankind ( = the human race) is at stake.
(āĻŽাāύāĻŦāϜাāϤি āĻŦিāĻĒāύ্āύ)
Mankind has marvelled at diamonds for at 2000 years. (OALD)
Mankind has always been obsessed by power. (CALD)

plural numeral + pair of + plural noun -
(traditional grammar)
I have three pair of shoes.
(āφāĻŽাāϰ āϤিāύ āϜো⧜া āϜুāϤা āφāĻ›ে)
plural numeral + pairs of plural noun
(modern standard)
Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes in their cells. (āĻŽাāύুāώেāϰ āĻ•োāώে ā§¨ā§Š āϜো⧜া āĻ•্āϰোāĻŽোāϜোāĻŽ āφāĻ›ে)

All are invited/preset. All is lost. (TG)
Everybody is invited/present. (MG)
Everything is lost. (MG)

āĻ­াāώা āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤāύāĻļীāϞ āφāϰ āĻ­াāώাāϰ āύি⧟āĻŽāĻ“ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤāύāĻļীāϞ।

Enough, One as noun/pronoun

One would think he was mad.
(One is noun- Wren & Martin)
āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻāĻ–āύ modern grammar āĻ…āύুāϏাāϰে one āĻ•ে āĻāĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে pronoun āϧāϰা āĻšā§Ÿ।

The little ones cried for joy.
(ones is pronoun, Wren & Martin)
āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻāĻ–āύ little one  ( = a young child) āĻ•ে informal āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে noun āĻŦিāĻŦেāϚāύা āĻ•āϰা āĻšā§Ÿ  āĻāĻŦং spoken āĻāϰ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻŦāĻšুāϞ āĻĒ্āϰāϚāϞিāϤ।
The little ones ( = young children) can play in the garden while we get lunch ready.

I have had enough of this.
(Enough is noun- Wren & Martin)
āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻāĻ–āύ modern grammar āĻ enough āĻ•ে āĻāĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে pronoun āϧāϰা āĻšā§Ÿ।

determiner āύাāĻ•ি adjective?

All men are mortal. It was all profit and no loss.
Are there any witnesses present?
You cannot have it both ways.
Either bat is good enough.
There is time enough and to spare.
There is little danger in going there.
There is much sense in what he says.
Neither accusation is true.
It is no joke.
One day I met him in the street.
What is that noise?
What evidence have you got?
āωāĻĒāϰোāĻ•্āϤ āωāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖāĻ—ুāϞো noun āĻāϰ āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŦে āĻŦāϏা word āϟি (all, any, both, either, enough, little, much, neither, no, one, that, what) High School English Grammar- Wren & Martin āĻāχ āĻŦāĻ‡ā§Ÿে adjective āĻŦāϞা āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে (traditional grammar āĻ…āύুāϏাāϰে)
āωāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖāĻ—ুāϞো āĻ­াāϞো āĻ•āϰে āĻĻেāĻ–ে āϰাāĻ–ুāύ। āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύāĻ•āϰ্āϤাāϰা āĻāχ āĻŦāχ āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻšুāĻŦুāĻšু āĻ…āύেāĻ• āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύ āϏেāϟ āĻ•āϰেāĻ›েāύ।

āĻ•িāύ্āϤু modern grammar āĻ…āύুāϏাāϰে āĻāϰা adjective āύ⧟, determiner āĻšāĻŦে। Oxford/Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary āĻĻ্āĻŦ⧟ modern grammar āĻ…āύুāϏাāϰে āϞিāĻ–া āϤাāχ Dictionary āϤে āĻāĻĻেāϰ noun āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŦে āĻŦāϏāϞে determiner āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻĻেāĻ–াāύো āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে।

āϤাāχ āĻāĻ–āύ Modern grammar āĻ…āύুāϏāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰা āωāϚিāϤ āφāϰ āĻ…āĻĒāĻļāύে determiner āϰাāĻ–া āωāϚিāϤ। āĻ…āĻĒāĻļāύে determiner āĻĨাāĻ•āϞে āωāϤ্āϤāϰ determiner āχ āĻšāĻŦে।
āĻāĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে adjective āĻ“ determiner āĻĻুāϟোāχ āĻĨাāĻ•āϞেāĻ“ determiner āϝৌāĻ•্āϤিāĻ• āωāϤ্āϤāϰ āĻšāĻŦে।
modern grammar āĻ determiners are not adjectives
Traditional grammar āĻ function āĻ…āύুāϏাāϰে adjective āĻĻুāχ āϧāϰāύেāϰ descriptive adjective āĻāĻŦং limiting adjective; āĻāĻ–āύ modern grammar āĻ descriptive adjective āĻ—ুāϞো adjective āĻāϰ āĻ…āύ্āϤāĻ­ুāĻ•্āϤ āφāϰ limiting adjective {article, adjective of quantity/number,  pronominal adjective (possessive, demonstrative, distributive adjective, interrogative adjective, relative adjective, exclamatory adjective) āĻ—ুāϞো determiner āĻāϰ āĻ…āύ্āϤāϰ্āĻ­ুāĻ•্āϤ।

Oxford/Cambridge advanced Learner's Dictionary āϤেāĻ“ āĻāĻĄিāĻļāύ āĻšāϞে āϤāĻĨ্āϝে āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤāύ āφāϏে। āĻ­ুāϞ āϤ্āϰুāϟি āĻĨাāĻ•ে, āϟাāχāĻĒিং āĻŽিāϏ্āϟেāĻ• āĻĨাāĻ•ে, āĻāĻĄিāĻļāύ āĻšāϞে āϏেāĻ—ুāϞো āϏংāĻļোāϧāύ āĻšā§Ÿ।

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary (OALD) āϤে ā§ŽāĻŽ āĻāĻĄিāĻļāύে āĻŦāϞেāĻ›িāϞ minute āĻāϰ comparative āύেāχ।
āφāĻŦাāϰ ⧝āĻŽ āĻ comparative & superlative āĻĻুāϟোāχ
āĻĻেāĻ–ি⧟েāĻ›ে।

āφāĻŦাāϰ, OALD āϤে ā§­āĻŽ-ā§ŽāĻŽ āĻāĻĄিāĻļāύে āĻĻেāĻ–ি⧟েāĻ›ে sparse āĻāϰ comparative āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে sparser, no superlative
āĻ•িāύ্āϤু ⧝āĻŽ āĻāĻĄিāĻļāύে āĻĻেāĻ–ি⧟েāĻ›ে
sparse āĻāϰ superlative āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে sparsest

āφāĻŦাāϰ, OALD ā§ŽāĻŽ āĻāĻĄিāĻļāύে āĻĻেāĻ–ি⧟েāĻ›ে
wary -- warier (comparative) --- no superlative
āĻ•িāύ্āϤু ā§§ā§Ļ āĻāĻĄিāĻļāύে āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤāύ āĻ•āϰেāĻ›ে
wary - warier (comparative) - wariest (superlative)

ā§ŽāĻŽ-⧝āĻŽ āĻāĻĄāĻļāύ āĻĒāϰ্āϝāύ্āϤ āĻĻেāĻ–ি⧟েāĻ›ে Caesarean
āĻ•িāύ্āϤু ā§§ā§ĻāĻŽ āĻāĻĄিāĻļāύে āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤāύ āĻ•āϰেāĻ›ে caesarean

In the public interest : Master Jahangir Alam

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What type of noun is "Chemistry"?
[āĻĒ্āϰাāĻĨāĻŽিāĻ• āϏāĻšāĻ•াāϰী āĻļিāĻ•্āώāĻ• ⧍ā§Ļā§§ā§Ž]
A. Proper noun
B. Abstract noun
āωāϤ্āϤāϰ: B
āϰেāĻĢাāϰেāύ্āϏ : āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύāϟি High School English Grammar -Wren & Martin āĻāϰ āĻŦāχ āĻĨেāĻ•ে āϏেāϟ āĻ•āϰা āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›িāϞ। 
āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻŽāϤে, The names of Arts ans Sciences are abstract nouns. grammar, chemistry, music etc.
āϤাāχ āĻĒāϰীāĻ•্āώা⧟ āĻāχ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύেāϰ āωāϤ্āϤāϰ Abstract nounāχ āĻĻিāĻŦেāύ।
He did physics and chemistry at university. (OALD)
She studied chemistry and physics at university.
(CALD)
āϜāύāϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨে: āĻŽাāϏ্āϟাāϰ āϜাāĻšাāĻ™্āĻ—ীāϰ āφāϞāĻŽ

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Anxious about sth Vs anxious to do sth

Anxious about something = āĻ•োāύো āĻ•িāĻ›ুāϰ āĻŦ্āϝাāĻĒাāϰে āωāĻĻ্āĻŦিāĻ—্āύ
The mother was anxious about the safety of her son.
Students are anxious about their results.

Anxious to do something = āĻ•োāύো āĻ•িāĻ›ু āĻ•āϰāϤে āφāĻ—্āϰāĻšী।
I am anxious to read the book that you spoke of yesterday.
We are always anxious to buy the best products in the market.
When the book came out, I was very anxious to know about the sales. (āϝāĻ–āύ āĻŦāχāϟা āĻŦেāϰ āĻšāϞো/āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•াāĻļ āĻšāϞো, āφāĻŽি āĻŦিāĻ•্āϰিāϰ āĻŦ্āϝাāĻĒাāϰে āϜাāύāϤে āĻ–ুāĻŦ āφāĻ—্āϰāĻšী āĻ›িāϞাāĻŽ।)

Translate :
āϞোāĻ•āϜāύ āĻ–েāϞো⧟া⧜āĻĻেāϰāĻ•ে āĻĒāϚা āĻĄিāĻŽ āĻ“ āĻĒāϚা āϟāĻŽেāϟো āĻ›ু⧜ে āĻŽাāϰāϞ।
āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ–্āϝা āĻ“ āωāϤ্āϤāϰ :
(āĻ…āύেāĻ•āĻ—ুāϞো āϜিāύিāϏ) āĻ›ু⧜ে āĻŽাāϰা āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা āφāĻ•্āϰāĻŽāĻŖ āĻ•āϰা āĻŦুāĻাāϚ্āĻ›ে āϤাāχ pelt āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻ•āϰা āωāϤ্āϤāĻŽ āĻšāĻŦে।
Pelt somebody with something = to attack somebody throwing things at them

People pelted the players with rotten tomatoes and rotten eggs. (āϞোāĻ•āϜāύ āĻ–েāϞু⧟া⧜āĻĻেāϰāĻ•ে āĻĒāϚা āĻĄিāĻŽ āĻ“ āĻĒāϚা āϟāĻŽেāϟো āĻ›ু⧜ে āĻŽাāϰāϞো)
Rioters pelted police with bricks and bottles.
(āĻĻাāĻ™্āĻ—াāĻŦাāϜāϰা āĻĒুāϞিāĻļāĻ•ে āχāϟ āĻ“ āĻŦোāϤāϞ āĻ›ু⧜ে āĻŽাāϰāϞ)
They pelted him with rotten eggs.
(āϤাāϰা āϤাāĻ•ে āĻĒāϚা āĻĄিāĻŽ āĻ›ু⧜ে āĻŽাāϰāϞ)

āϜāύāϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨে: āĻŽাāϏ্āϟাāϰ āϜাāĻšাāĻ™্āĻ—ীāϰ āφāϞāĻŽ

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Nice to meet you  vs   Nice meeting you

āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ āĻ•াāϰো āϏাāĻĨে āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽāĻŦাāϰেāϰ āĻŽāϤো āĻĒāϰিāϚিāϤ āĻšāĻ“ā§Ÿাāϰ āĻ•āĻĨোāĻĒāĻ•āĻĨāύে Nice to meet you. ( = It's nice to meet you.) āĻ…āĻ­িāĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤিāϟি āĻāĻ•āϟা friendly greeting āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ।
Hello, Nice to meet you at last.
āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽāĻŦাāϰেāϰ āĻŽāϤো āĻĒāϰিāϚিāϤ āĻšāĻ“ā§Ÿা āĻ•াāωāĻ•ে āĻŦিāĻĻা⧟ (farewell/goodbye) āϜাāύাāύোāϰ āϏāĻŽā§Ÿ Nice meeting/talking to you. ( = It's been nice meeting/talking to you. āϤোāĻŽাāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āĻĻেāĻ–া āĻ•āϰে/āĻ•āĻĨা āĻŦāϞে āĻ­াāϞো āϞাāĻ—āϞো) āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ।

āĻĒāϰিāϚিāϤ āĻ•াāϰো āϏাāĻĨে āĻĻেāĻ–া āĻšāϞে Nice to see you. āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা Nice to see you again. āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻŦেāύ।

Sorry to disturb you vs Sorry to have disturbed you

āĻ•াāωāĻ•ে āĻŦিāϰāĻ•্āϤ āĻ•āϰাāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽেāχ āĻĻুঃāĻ– āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•াāĻļ āĻ•āϰāϤে sorry to disturb you āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ।
(I'm) Sorry to disturb you; could I speak to you for a moment/ may I trouble you for a moment?
āĻĒāϰে āĻĻুঃāĻ– āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•াāĻļ āĻ•āϰাāϰ āĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে sorry to have disturbed you āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ।
I'm sorry to have disturbed you yesterday.
āφāĻŦাāϰ, I'm sorry for disturbing you. āωāϭ⧟ āĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰেāχ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে। āϤāĻŦে āĻāϟা past situation āĻ āĻŦāĻšুāϞ āĻĒ্āϰāϚāϞিāϤ।
Disturb āĻ›া⧜া āĻ…āύ্āϝাāύ্āϝ verb āĻāϰ āĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰেāĻ“ āĻāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।
āĻŦāϰ্āϤāĻŽাāύ āĻĒāϰিāϏ্āĻĨিāϤি (current situation) āĻ āϘāϟা, āϝা āϚāϞāĻ›ে āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা  āĻšāϤে/āϘāϟāϤে āϝাāϚ্āĻ›ে āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা āϏāĻŦেāĻŽাāϤ্āϰ āϘāϟে āĻ—েāĻ›ে āĻāĻŽāύ āĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে  apology āĻŦা āĻĻুঃāĻ–āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•াāĻļেāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ sorry + infinitive āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ।
Sorry to keep you waiting; we can start now.
A: Sorry to keep you waiting so long.
B: That's all right.
I'm sorry to tell you that you failed the exam.
āĻ…āϤীāϤ āĻŦিāώ⧟ āύি⧟ে āĻĻুঃāĻ–āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•াāĻļ āĻ•āϰাāϰ āĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে more formal āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে sorry + have + past participle āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ।
āϤāĻŦে sorry + that clause āĻāϰ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ informal āĻ āĻ–ুāĻŦ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ।
Sorry to have kept you waiting so long yesterday.
I'm sorry to have woken you up.
(Or, I'm sorry that I woke you up.)
āĻāĻ•āχ āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨে sorry for/about + v+ing āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ।
I'm sorry for/about losing my temper this morning.
(Or, I'm sorry that I lost my temper.)
āϜāύāϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨে: āĻŽাāϏ্āϟাāϰ āϜাāĻšাāĻ™্āĻ—ীāϰ āφāϞāĻŽ

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āĻ•āĻŽāĻŦেāĻļি āĻ…āύেāĻ•েāϰāχ āϏāĻ িāĻ• āϜাāύা āύেāχ!

ā§Ģ āĻāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āφāĻŽি GPA 4.8 āĻĒে⧟েāĻ›ি। [HSTU 10-11]
A. I have got GPA 4.8 from 5.
B. I have got GPA 4.8 among 5.
C. Out of 5, I have got GPA 4.8
D. Out of 4.8, I have got GPA 5.
āĻ…āĻĒāĻļāύ āĻ…āύুāϏাāϰে āωāϤ্āϤāϰ C
āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āϏāĻ িāĻ• āωāϤ্āϤāϰ āĻšāĻŦে
Out of 5, I have got a 4.8 GPA.
Out of 5, I have got a GPA of 4.8.

āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ  noun āĻāϰ āφāĻ—ে pronoun āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে not āĻŦāϏে।
āĻ•িāύ্āϤু Auxiliary verb āĻāϰ contracted āĻšā§Ÿে āĻ—েāϞে noun/pronoun āωāϭ⧟েāϰ āφāĻ—েāχ āĻŦāϏে।
āϏে āĻ•ি āĻŽাāĻ› āĻĒāĻ›āύ্āĻĻ āĻ•āϰে āύা? [MBSTU A 12-13]
Does he not like fish? (Does not he āύ⧟)
āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা, Doesn’t he like fish? (āĻ…āĻĒāĻļāύে āĻāϟাāχ āĻ›িāϞ)
āĻ…āύুāϰূāĻĒ:
Active : Do not do it.
Passive : Let it not be done.
āĻ•িāύ্āϤু Let not it be done āĻāϟা āĻ­ুāϞ।
āϜāύāϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨে: āĻŽাāϏ্āϟাāϰ āϜাāĻšাāĻ™্āĻ—ীāϰ āφāϞāĻŽ

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āĻāĻŦাāϰ ā§Š āϟি āĻĒāϰ্āĻŦ āĻāĻ• āϏাāĻĨে।

āϞাāχāύ ā§§ āϟা āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āϏেāϟা āĻĻি⧟ে āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύ āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে āĻ…āύেāĻ•। (āĻĒāϰ্āĻŦ ā§Ļā§§)

1. 'Sweet are the uses of adversity.' was stated by -
Ans: Shakespeare (From 'As You Like It')

2. Sweet are the uses of adversity.
āĻāϰ āĻŦাংāϞা āĻ…āύুāĻŦাāĻĻ āĻ•োāύāϟি?
Ans: āĻĻুঃāĻ–েāϰ āĻĒ্āϰ⧟োāϜāύী⧟āϤা āĻŽāϧুāϰ।
āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা, āĻŦিāĻĒāϰ্āϝ⧟ āĻ…āĻ­িāĻļাāĻĒ āύ⧟, āφāĻļীāϰ্āĻŦাāĻĻ।

3. Sweet are the uses of adversity.
Here 'Sweet' is - [JKKNIU (A) 13-14]
Ans: Adjective

4. Sweet - the uses of adversity.
[CU I 13-14, B1 15-16, āĻļিāĻ•্āώা āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•ৌāĻļāϞ āĻ…āϧিāĻĻāĻĒ্āϤāϰেāϰ āϏāĻšāĻ•াāϰী āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•ৌāĻļāϞী (āĻĒুāϰ) ⧍ā§Ļ⧧⧝]
Shakespeare is of the view that "Sweet - the uses of adversity. "
Ans: are
āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝāϟিāϤে āϜোāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻĻাāύ āĻ•āϰāϤে inversion/fronting āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে । āϤাāχ predicative adjective 'sweet' āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽে āĻŦāϏেāĻ›ে। āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝāϟিāϰ subject āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে the uses of adversity āϝাāϰ head word 'uses' āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে plural āϤাāχ verb plural (are) āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে।
āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝāϟিāϰ āϏ্āĻŦাāĻ­াāĻŦিāĻ• āϰূāĻĒ āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে-
The uses of adversity is sweet. (normal)
Sweet are the uses of adversity.(emphatic/inverted)

5. Sweet are the uses of adversity.
Here 'adversity' means
Ans: difficulty

āϞাāχāύ ā§§ āϟা āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āϏেāϟা āĻĻি⧟ে āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύ āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে āĻ…āύেāĻ•। (āĻĒāϰ্āĻŦ ā§Ļ⧍)
1. The quote "All that glitters is not gold" is from which play of Shakespeare?
Ans: The Merchant of Venice

2. All that glitters - not gold.
Ans: is

3. āϚāĻ•āϚāĻ• āĻ•āϰāϞেāχ āϏোāύা āĻšā§Ÿ āύা। āĻāϰ āϏāĻ িāĻ• āχংāϰেāϜি -
Ans: All that glitters is not gold.

4. "All that glitters is not gold" is a - sentence.
Ans : Complex

5. All that glitters is not gold. Here 'that' is
Ans: Relative pronoun

6. All that glitters is not gold. Here 'glitters' is
Ans:Verb

7. Choose the correct sentence.
Ans: All that glitters is not gold.

8. All that glitters is not gold. Here 'gold' is -
Ans: Material noun

9. All that glitters is not gold. Here 'that glitters' is
Ans: Adjective clause

āϞাāχāύ ā§§āϟা āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āϏেāϟা āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύ āĻšā§Ÿ āĻ…āύেāĻ•। (āĻĒāϰ্āĻŦ ā§Ļā§Š)

1. None but the brave deserves ---
Ans: the fair

2. None but the brave --- the fair.
Ans: deserves/deserve

3. None but --- brave deserves --- fair.
Ans: the, the

4. None but the brave deserves the fair. āĻāϰ āĻŦāĻ™্āĻ—াāύুāĻŦাāĻĻ-
Ans: āĻŦীāϰ āĻ­োāĻ—্āϝা āĻŦāϏুāύ্āϧāϰা (āĻ­াāĻŦাāύুāĻŦাāĻĻ)।
āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা, āĻ•েāĻŦāϞ āϏাāĻšāϏীāϰাāχ āϏুāύ্āĻĻāϰ āϰāĻŽāĻŖী āĻĒাāĻ“ā§Ÿাāϰ āϝোāĻ—্āϝ āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা, āĻļুāϧুāĻŽাāϤ্āϰ āϏাāĻšāϏীāϰাāχ āϏুāύ্āĻĻāϰীāĻĻেāϰ āϝোāĻ—্āϝ (āφāĻ•্āώāϰিāĻ•)।

5. None but the brave deserves the fair.
(Make it affirmative)
Ans: Only the brave deserve the fair.

6. None but the brave deserves the fair.
Here 'but' is
Ans: Preposition
7. None but the brave deserves the fair.
Here 'brave' is
Ans: Noun (substantive)

8. None but the brave deserves the fair.
Here 'the brave' is
Ans: Plural common noun

9. "None but the brave deserves the fair' who quoted?
Ans: John Dryden

āϞাāχāύ āĻāĻ•āϟা āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āϏেāϟা āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύ āĻšā§Ÿ āĻ…āύেāĻ• (āĻĒāϰ্āĻŦ ā§Ļā§Š)

1. ''Look before you leap' means- [KU A 18-19]
Ans: beware/be wary/be cautious (āϏāϤāϰ্āĻ• āĻšāĻ“ā§Ÿা)

2. Look before you leap. āϏāĻ িāĻ• āχংāϰেāϜি āĻ…āύুāĻŦাāĻĻ-
[ā§­āĻŽ āĻļিāĻ•্āώāĻ• āύিāĻŦāύ্āϧāύ ⧍ā§Ļā§§ā§§]
Ans: āĻ­াāĻŦি⧟া āĻ•āϰিāĻ“ āĻ•াāϜ।

3. āĻ•িāĻ›ু āĻ•āϰাāϰ āφāĻ—ে āĻ­াāϞো āĻ•āϰে āĻ­েāĻŦে āύাāĻ“।
[ā§§ā§ĒāϤāĻŽ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ­াāώāĻ• āύিāĻŦāύ্āϧāύ (⧍) ⧍ā§Ļā§§ā§­]
Ans: Look before you leap. (āĻ­াāĻŦাāύুāĻŦাāĻĻ)
(Think before you do anything. āĻāχ āφāĻ•্āώāϰিāĻ• āĻ…āύুāĻŦাāĻĻ āĻāĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে āĻ—্āϰāĻšāĻŖāϝোāĻ—্āϝ āύ⧟)

4. Always look before you --- [JnU D 07-08]
Ans: leap

5. Choose the correct sentence. [BRUR C 12-13]
Ans: Look before you leap.

6. Look before you leap. The word 'before' in the sentence is -- [ā§§ā§§āϤāĻŽ āĻļিāĻ•্āώāĻ• āύিāĻŦāύ্āϧāύ -ā§§ā§Ē]
Ans: conjunction (adverb āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা preposition āύ⧟)

7. Look before you leap.
Here 'Look' is- [RU A2 17-18]
Ans:The principal clause

(You) + look = principal clause
before you leap = subordinate clause/adverbial clause of time

āϜāύāϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨে: āĻŽাāϏ্āϟাāϰ āϜাāĻšাāĻ™্āĻ—ীāϰ āφāϞāĻŽ

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a = ei (āĻāχ)   [āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒ্āϰāϏাāϰিāϤ āĻĒোāϏ্āϟ ]

able (āĻāχāĻŦāϞ)                ableism (āĻāχāĻŦāϞিāϜāĻŽ)
enable (āχāύāĻāχāĻŦāϞ)       capable (āĻ–েāχāĻĒাāĻŦāϞ)
capably (āĻ–েāχāĻĒাāĻŦāϞি)
age (āĻāχāϜ)                aged (āĻāχāϜāĻĄ)
cage (āĻ–েāχāϜ)   case (āĻ–েāχāϏ)
page (āĻĒেāχāϜ)             rage (āϰেāχāϜ)     sage (āϏেāχāϜ)      
ageing (āĻāχāϜিং)         alien (āĻāχāϞি⧟াāύ)
alienate (āĻāχāϞি⧟াāύেāχāϟ) 
agent (āĻāχāϜাāύ্āϟ)       agency (āĻāχāϜাāύ্āϏি)
ancient (āĻāχāύāĻļাāύ্āϟ)
alienation (āĻāχāϞি⧟াāύেāχāĻļāύ)
apex (āĻāχāĻĒেāĻ•্āϏ)             April (āĻāχāĻĒ্āϰāϞ)
apron (āĻāχāĻĒ্āϰāύ)  
atheism (āĻāχāĻĨিāϜাāĻŽ)     atheist (āĻāχāĻĨিāϏ্āϟ)
atheistic (āĻāχāĻĨিāϏ্āϟিāĻ•)
aviary (āĻāχāĻ­ি⧟াāϰি-āĻĒāĻ•্āώিāĻļাāϞা)
avian (āĻāχāĻ­ি⧟াāύ)
aviation (āĻāχāĻ­ি-āĻāχāĻļāύ)
aviator ( āĻāχāĻ­ি-āĻāχāϟাāϰ)
aviculture (āĻāχāĻ­িāĻ•াāϞāϚাāϰ)
avionics (āĻāχāĻ­ি⧟াāύিāĻ•্āϏ)    avionic (āĻāχāĻ­ি⧟াāύিāĻ•)
baby (āĻŦেāχāĻŦি)      navy (āύেāχāĻ­ি)      native (āύেāχāϟিāĻ­)
laser (āϞেāχāϜাāϰ)  major (āĻŽেāχāϜাāϰ)
razor (āϰেāχāϜাāϰ)

ace (āĻāχāϏ)     grace (āĻ—্āϰেāχāϏ)  lace (āϞেāχāϏ) pace (āĻĒেāχāϏ)
apace (āφāĻĒেāχāϏ) space (āϏ্āĻĒেāχāϏ) spate (āϏ্āĻĒেāχāϟ)
race (āϰেāχāϏ)     racial (āϰেāχāĻļāϞ)
face (āĻĢেāχāϏ)    facial (āĻĢেāχāĻļāϞ)
fate (āĻĢেāχāϟ)     gate (āĻ—েāχāϟ)    hate (āĻšেāχāϟ)    late (āϞেāχāϟ)
mate (āĻŽেāχāϟ)    make (āĻŽেāχāĻ•)  made (āĻŽেāχāĻĄ)
sate (āϏেāχāϟ)     rate (āϰেāχāϟ)      cate (āĻ–েāχāϟ)

cable (āĻ–েāχāĻŦāϞ)    table (āĻ েāχāĻŦāϞ)  label (āϞেāχāĻŦāϞ)

cake (āĻ–েāχāĻ•)  bake (āĻŦেāχāĻ•)

brake (āĻŦ্āϰেāχāĻ•) make (āĻŽেāχāĻ•) sake (āϏেāχāĻ•) take (āĻ েāχāĻ•)
fake (āĻĢেāχāĻ•) lake (āϞেāχāĻ•) rake (āϰেāχāĻ•)

pale (āĻĒেāχāϞ) bale (āĻŦেāχāϞ)  sale (āϏেāχāϞ) tale (āĻ েāχāϞ)
male (āĻŽেāχāϞ) female (āĻĢিāĻŽেāχāϞ) gale (āĻ—েāχāϞ- āϤীāĻŦ্āϰ āĻā§œ)
kale (āĻ–েāχāϞ)

radius (āϰেāχāĻĄি⧟াāϏ) radii (āϰেāχāĻĄিāφāχ)
data (āĻĄেāχāĻ া)   nadir (āύেāχāĻĄিāφāϰ)

taste (āĻ েāχāϏ্āϟ)    tasty (āĻ েāχāϏ্āϟি)   lazy (āϞেāχāϜি)
chaste (āϚেāχāϏ্āϟ)  paste (āĻĒেāχāϏ্āϟ)

status (āϏ্āϟেāχāϟাāϏ)   stake (āϏ্āϟেāχāĻ•)
station (āϏ্āϟেāχāĻļāύ)  stationary (āϏ্āϟেāχ-āĻļāύাāϰি)

straight (āϏ্āϟ্āϰেāχāϟ)   strain (āϏ্āϟ্āϰেāχāύ)
strange (āϏ্āϟ্āϰেāχāĻž্āϜ)  strangely (āϏ্āϟ্āϰেāχāĻž্āϜāϞি)
stranger (āϏ্āϟ্āϰেāχāύāϜাāϰ)
state (āϏ্āϟেāχāϟ), stately (āϏ্āϟেāχāϟāϞি)

phrase (āĻĢ্āϰেāχāϜ)
plane (āĻĒ্āϞেāχāύ)

range (āϰেāχāĻž্āϜ)  hatred (āĻšেāχāϟ্āϰিāĻĄ) sacred (āϏেāχāĻ•āϰিāĻĄ)

patient (āĻĒেāχāĻļāύ্āϟ)   patiently (āĻĒেāχāĻļāύ্āϟāϞি)
patience (āĻĒেāχāĻļāύ্āϏ)

basic (āĻŦেāχāϏিāĻ•)  base (āĻŦেāχāϏ)  based (āĻŦেāχāϏ্āϟ)
basically (āĻŦেāχāϏিāĻ•āϞি)  basis (āĻŦেāχāϏিāϏ)

inspiration (āχāύ্āϏāĻĒিāϰেāχāĻļāύ)
inspirational (āχāύ্āϏāĻĒিāϰেāχāĻļāύাāϞ)
invitation (āχāύāĻ­িāĻ েāχāĻļāύ)
installation (āχāύ্āϏāϟāϞেāχāĻļāύ)

motivate (āĻŽāϟিāĻ­েāχāϟ)    motivation (āĻŽāϟিāĻ­েāχāĻļāύ)
motivational (āĻŽোāϟিāĻ­েāχāĻļāύাāϞ)

radial (āϰেāχāĻĄি⧟াāϞ)     radially (āϰেāχāĻĄি⧟াāϞি)
radiate (āϰেāχāĻĄি⧟েāχāϟ) radiation (āϰেāχāĻĄি⧟েāχāĻļāύ)
radiant (āϰেāχāĻĄি⧟েāύ্āϟ) radiance (āϰেāχāĻĄি⧟াāύ্āϏ)
radian (āϰেāχāĻĄি⧟াāύ)   radon (āϰেāχāĻĄাāύ)
radium (āϰেāχāĻĄি⧟াāĻŽ) radiology (āϰেāχāĻĄিāĻ“āϞāϜি)
radiometric (āϰেāχāĻĄিāĻ“āϊāĻŽেāϟ্āϰিāĻ•)
radiometrically (āϰেāχāĻĄিāĻ“āĻŽেāϟ্āϰিāĻ•āϞি)
ratio (āϰেāχāĻļিāĻ“āω)

rave (āϰেāχāĻ­)  raven (āϰেāχāĻ­āύ)
raze (āϰেāχāϜ) glaze (āĻ—্āϞেāχāϜ) maze (āĻŽেāχāϜ)

cable (āĻ–েāχāĻŦāϞ) fable (āĻĢেāχāĻŦāϞ) sable (āϏেāχāĻŦāϞ)
maple (āĻŽেāχāĻĒāϞ)

came (āĻ–েāχāĻŽ) dame (āĻĄেāχāĻŽ) game (āĻ—েāχāĻŽ)
frame (āĻĢ্āϰেāχāĻŽ)
fame (āĻĢেāχāĻŽ) famous (āĻĢেāχāĻŽাāϏ)
lame (āϞেāχāĻŽ) tame (āĻ েāχāĻŽ)  name (āύেāχāĻŽ)
same (āϏেāχāĻŽ) shame (āĻļেāχāĻŽ)

safe (āϏেāχāĻĢ) shape (āĻļেāχāĻĢ) shade (āĻļেāχāĻĄ)
babe (āĻŦেāχāĻŦ)  rape (āϰেāχāĻĒ)  cape (āĻ–েāχāĻĒ)  tape (āĻ েāχāĻĒ)
gape (āĻ—েāχāĻĒ)

paper (āĻĒেāχāĻĒাāϰ)   lady (āϞেāχāĻĄি) baby (āĻŦেāχāĻŦি)
danger (āĻĄেāχāύāϜাāϰ) dangerous (āĻĄেāχāύāϜাāϰাāϏ)

āϜāύāϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨে: āĻŽাāϏ্āϟাāϰ āϜাāĻšাāĻ™্āĻ—ীāϰ āφāϞāĻŽ

======

Common error : Find out (Know āύ⧟)
āĻ•োāύো āĻ•িāĻ›ু āϜাāύāϤে āĻĒাāϰা/āϜেāύে āϝাāĻ“ā§Ÿা āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨে find out āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ (know āύ⧟), 'āϜাāύāϞে āĻ–াāϰাāĻĒ āĻ•িāĻ›ু āĻšāĻŦে āĻāĻŽāύ āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨে'।
1. Make sure (that) no one finds out about this.
(āύিāĻļ্āϚিāϤ āĻ•āϰো āϝে āĻ•েāω āϝেāύ āĻ āĻŦ্āϝাāĻĒাāϰে āϜাāύāϤে āύা āĻĒাāϰে)
2. I would die of shame if she ever found out.
(āϏে āϝāĻĻি āĻ•āĻ–āύো āϜাāύāϤে āĻĒাāϰāϤো/āϜেāύে āϝেāϤো āϤāĻŦে āφāĻŽি āϞāϜ্āϜা⧟ āĻŽāϰে āϝেāϤাāĻŽ)
3. My greatest dread is that my parents will find out.
(āφāĻŽাāϰ āϏāĻŦāϚে⧟ে āĻŦ⧜ āϭ⧟ āϝে āφāĻŽাāϰ āĻŦাāĻŦা-āĻŽা āϜেāύে āϝাāĻŦে)
4. He went postal when he found out.
(āϝāĻ–āύ āϏে āϜাāύāϤে āĻĒাāϰāϞো āϏে āĻ–ুāĻŦ āϰেāĻ—ে āĻ—েāϞ)
5. My father will be livid when he finds out.
(āφāĻŽাāϰ āĻŦাāĻŦা āϝāĻ–āύ āϜাāύāϤে āĻĒাāϰāĻŦেāύ āϤāĻ–āύ āĻ–ুāĻŦ āϰেāĻ—ে āϝাāĻŦেāύ)

āφāϏুāύ, āĻļিāĻ–ে āύিāχ āĻĻুāϟো informal expression (spoken āĻ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ)।

1. Come down on someone like a ton of bricks =
criticize or punish very severely
āĻ–ুāĻŦ āĻ•āĻ োāϰāĻ­াāĻŦে, āĻ–ুāĻŦ āĻ•ā§œাāĻ­াāĻŦে āϏāĻŽাāϞোāϚāύা āĻ•āϰা/āĻļাāϏ্āϤি āĻĻে⧟া।
If father finds out what you've been doing, he'll come down on ( = punish) you like a ton of bricks.
(āϤুāĻŽি āϝা āĻ•āϰāϤেāĻ› āϤা āϝāĻĻি āĻŦাāĻŦা āϜাāύāϤে āĻĒাāϰে, āωāύি āϤোāĻŽাāĻ•ে āĻ•āĻ োāϰāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻļাāϏ্āϤি āĻĻিāĻŦে।)

2. Eat somebody alive = āĻ•াāϰো āωāĻĒāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϚāĻŖ্āĻĄ āϰাāĻ—াāύ্āĻŦিāϤ āĻšā§Ÿে āϤাāĻ•ে āĻ•āĻ োāϰ āĻļাāϏ্āϤি āĻĻে⧟া āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা āĻ•āĻ োāϰ āϏāĻŽাāϞোāϚāύা āĻ•āϰা।
He will eat me alive if he ever finds out.
(āϏে āϝāĻĻি āĻ•āĻ–āύো āϜাāύāϤে āĻĒাāϰে/āϧāϰāϤে āĻĒাāϰে āϤাāĻšāϞে āϏে āφāĻŽাāĻ•ে āϜ্āϝাāύ্āϤ āĻ–ে⧟ে āĻĢেāϞāĻŦে = āφāĻŽাāĻ•ে āĻ•āĻ োāϰ āĻļাāϏ্āϤি āĻĻিāĻŦে/āφāĻŽাāϰ āĻ•āĻ োāϰ āϏāĻŽাāϞোāϚāύা āĻ•āϰāĻŦে।)

When it comes to (sth/doing sth)
āĻ•োāύো āĻŦিāώ⧟েāϰ āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ– āĻ•āϰা āĻŦুāĻাāϤে
when it comes/came to āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে noun phrase āĻŦāϏে āφāϰ verb āĻŦāϏāϞে verb+ing āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ āĻāϟা āĻāĻ•āϟা āύি⧟āĻŽ।

Law enforcers must be more understanding when it comes to arresting people and trying to get them to follow the health guidelines and government directives.
When it comes to cricket, Ricky Ponting is a most knowledgeable person.
When it comes to teaching grammar, I'm in a league of my own in Bangladesh. 
Dillip Kumar was the best when it came to realistic acting.
When it came to playing cover drive, Virendra Shewag was in a league of his own.

āϜāύāϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨে: āĻŽাāϏ্āϟাāϰ āϜাāĻšাāĻ™্āĻ—ীāϰ āφāϞāĻŽ

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āĻ•িāĻ›ু āχংāϰেāϜি āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻেāϰ āϏ্āĻŦাāĻ­াāĻŦিāĻ• āωāϚ্āϚাāϰāĻŖ āϝেāĻ—ুāϞো āφāĻŽāϰা āĻĒ্āϰা⧟āχ āĻ­ুāϞ āĻ•āϰি।
1. tiny (āĻ াāχāύি, āϟিāύি āύ⧟)- āĻ…āϤি āĻ•্āώুāĻĻ্āϰ, āĻĒুāϚāĻ•ে
2. politician (āĻĒāϞি'āϟিāĻļāύ, āĻĒāϞিāϟিāĻļি⧟াāύ āύ⧟)- āϰাāϜāύীāϤিāĻ•, āϰাāϜāύীāϤিāϜীāĻŦি/-āĻŦাāϜ
3. nadir (āύেāχāĻĄিāφ(āϰ) UK, āύেāχāĻĄাāϰ, US, āύাāĻĻিāϰ āύ⧟)- āύিāĻŽ্āύāϤāĻŽ āĻŦিāύ্āĻĻু
4. apex (āĻāχāĻĒেāĻ•্āϏ, āĻ…্āϝাāĻĒেāĻ•্āϏ āύ⧟) - āĻļীāϰ্āώāĻŦিāύ্āĻĻু
5. radii (āϰেāχāĻĄিāφāχ) radius (āĻŦ্āϝাāϏাāϰ্āϧ)  āĻāϰ plural
āĻ…āύুāϰূāĻĒ, syllabi (āϏিāϞেāĻŦাāχ), syllabus (āĻĒাāĻ ্āϝāϏূāϚি) āĻāϰ plural
6. data (āĻĄেāχāĻ া) - āωāĻĒাāϤ্āϤ।
7. annihilate (āĻ…্āϝাāύাāχāφāϞেāχāϟ, āĻ…্āϝাāύিāĻšিāϞেāϟ āύ⧟)- āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖāϰূāĻĒে āϧ্āĻŦংāϏ āĻ•āϰা, āύিāĻļ্āϚিāĻš্āύ āĻ•āϰা।
8. behave (āĻŦিāĻšেāχāĻ­, āĻŦিāĻš্āϝাāĻ­ āύ⧟) - āφāϚāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰা।
9. epitome (āĻāĻĒিāϟāĻŽি, āĻāĻĒিāϟāĻŽ āύ⧟) - āϏাāϰāϏংāĻ•্āώেāĻĒ
10. succinct (āϏাāĻ•āϏিāĻ™āĻ•āϟ্, āϏাāϏিংāĻ•āϟ্ āύ⧟)- āϏংāĻ•্āώিāĻĒ্āϤ
11. nature [āύেāχāϚা(āϰ)/āύেāχāϚাāϰ)
12. natural (āύ্āϝাāϚāϰাāϞ্)

Blew (āĻŦ্āϞু, āĻŦ্āϞিāω āύ⧟)
Brew (āĻŦ্āϰু, āĻŦ্āϰিāω āύ⧟)
Drew (āĻĄ্āϰু, āĻĄ্āϰিāω āύ⧟)
Flew (āĻĢ্āϞু, āĻĢ্āϞিāω āύ⧟)
Grew (āĻ—্āϰু, āĻ—্āϰিāω āύ⧟)
Shrew (āĻļ্āϰু, āĻļ্āϰিāω āύ⧟)
Shrewd (āĻļ্āϰুāĻĄ, āĻļ্āϰিāωāĻĄ āύ⧟)
Threw (āĻĨ্āϰু, āĻĨ্āϰিāω āύ⧟)

adverb āĻāϰ āĻļেāώে -ically āĻĨাāĻ•āϞে āωāϚ্āϚাāϰāĻŖ āĻšāĻŦে "āχāĻ•āϞি", 'āχāĻ•্āϝাāϞি' āύ⧟।
Basically (āĻŦেāχāϏিāĻ•āϞি, āĻŦ্āϝাāϏিāĻ•্āϝাāϞি āύ⧟)
Automatically (āĻ“āϟোāĻŽ্āϝাāϟিāĻ•āϞি, āĻ…āϟোāĻŽ্āϝাāϟিāĻ•্āϝাāϞি āύ⧟)
Diplomatically (āĻĄিāĻĒ্āϞোāĻŽ্āϝাāϟিāĻ•āϞি, āĻĄিāĻĒ্āϞোāĻŽেāϟিāĻ•্āϝাāϞি āύ⧟)
Politically (āĻĒāϞিāϟিāĻ•āϞি, āĻĒāϞিāϟিāĻ•্āϝাāϞি āύ⧟)
Practically (āĻĒ্āϰাāĻ•্āϟিāĻ•āϞি, āĻĒ্āϰাāĻ•্āϟিāĻ•্āϝাāϞি āύ⧟)
Scientifically (āϏা⧟েāύ্āϟিāĻĢিāĻ•āϞি, āϏা⧟েāύ্āϟিāĻĢিāĻ•্āϝাāϞি āύ⧟)
Specifically (āϏ্āĻĒেāϏিāĻĢিāĻ•āϞি, āϏ্āĻĒেāϏিāĻĢিāĻ•্āϝাāϞি āύ⧟)
Economically (āχāĻ•োāύোāĻŽিāĻ•āϞি, āχāĻ•োāύোāĻŽিāĻ•্āϝাāϞি āύ⧟)
illogically (āχāϞāϜিāĻ•āϞি, āχāϞāϜিāĻ•্āϝাāϞি āύ⧟)

āφāϰāĻ“ āϜাāύāϤে āĻĒ⧜ুāύ MASTER MINI-BOOK
āϜāύāϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨে : āĻŽাāϏ্āϟাāϰ āϜাāĻšাāĻ™্āĻ—ীāϰ āφāϞāĻŽ

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āĻāĻĻেāĻļে āĻ•āĻ–āύো āĻ•āĻ–āύো Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary āĻĨেāĻ•ে āϏāĻ িāĻ• āĻĒ⧜েāĻ“ āύāĻŽ্āĻŦāϰ āĻĒাāĻ“ā§Ÿা āϝা⧟ āύা!!
āĻ•াāϰāĻŖ āϞেāĻ–āĻ•āĻĻেāϰ āĻ­িāύ্āύāĻŽāϤ āφāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύāĻ•āϰ্āϤাāϰ āĻĒāϰ্āϝাāĻĒ্āϤ āϜ্āĻžাāύেāϰ āĻ…āĻ­াāĻŦ।  āύিāϚে āύāĻŽুāύা āĻĻিāϞাāĻŽ āĻĒ্āϰāĻŽাāĻŖ āϏāĻš।
1. āύিāϚেāϰ āĻ•োāύ āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝāϟি āĻļুāĻĻ্āϧ?
[āĻĒ্āϰাāĻĨāĻŽিāĻ• āĻĒ্āϰāϧাāύ āĻļিāĻ•্āώāĻ• (āĻ•্āϰিāϏেāύāĻĨিāĻŽাāĻŽ) ⧍ā§Ļ⧧⧍]
A. He requested for my help.
B. Time and tide wait for no man.
C. The ship with its crew, were lost.
D. The horse and carriage is at the door.
āĻāχ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύেāϰ āωāϤ্āϤāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύāĻ•āϰ্āϤাāϰা āύি⧟েāĻ›েāύ D
āĻ•াāϰāĻŖ āϤাāϰা āϞাāχāύ ā§Ē āϟি āύি⧟েāĻ›েāύ High School English
Grammar - Wren & Martin āĻāϰ āĻŦāχ āĻĨেāĻ•ে।
āĻāχ āĻŦāĻ‡ā§Ÿে Time and tide waits for no man.
āĻĻে⧟া āφāĻ›ে। āϤাāχ āĻāχ āĻŦāχ āĻ…āύুāϝা⧟ী b āĻ­ুāϞ।
āĻ•িāύ্āϤু B āύংāĻ“ ā§§ā§Ļā§Ļ% āϏāĻ িāĻ•। Cambridge advanced Learner's dictionary āϤে Time and tide wait for no man. āĻĻে⧟া āφāĻ›ে।
āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύāĻ•āϰ্āϤা āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύ āĻ•āϰেāĻ›েāύ High School English Grammar āĻĨেāĻ•ে। āϤাāχ āωāύি D āĻ•েāχ āωāϤ্āϤāϰ āύি⧟েāĻ›েāύ।
āĻ•াāϰāĻŖ āϞাāχāύāĻ—ুāϞো āϤাāϰা āϏ্āĻŦāĻĒ্āύে āĻĒাāύāύি, āφāϰ āĻāĻ• āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύেāϰ āϤাāϰা āϜেāύেāĻļুāύে āύিāĻļ্āϚ⧟āχ āĻĻুāϟো āωāϤ্āϤāϰ āϰাāĻ–েāύāύি।
āωāĻ•্āϤ āĻŦāχ āĻĨেāĻ•ে āφāϰāĻ“ āĻāĻ•āϟা āύāĻŽুāύা āĻĢ্āϰি āĻĻিāϞাāĻŽ।
Identity the correct sentence.
[BSMRSTU E Unit 2013-2014]
A. Time and tide waits for no man.
B. Fire and water does not agree.
C. The novelist and poet are dead.
D. The mayor, with his councillors are to be present.
Ans:A
āĻļুāĻĻ্āϧ āϤāĻĨ্āϝ
B. do not agree
C. is
D. is
āύিāϚে āĻĒিāĻ•āϚাāϰ āĻ—ুāϞো āĻĒ্āϰāĻŽাāĻŖ āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻĻিāϞাāĻŽ।
āϜāύāϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨে : āĻŽাāϏ্āϟাāϰ āϜাāĻšাāĻ™্āĻ—ীāϰ āφāϞāĻŽ

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All, Both, Each (pronoun) āĻāϰ position āύি⧟ে confusion!!

all, both, each āĻāχ pronoun āϤিāύāϟি āϝāĻĻি plural noun āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা pronoun āĻāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āϜোāϰ āĻĻিāϤে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ āϤাāĻšāϞে āĻāϰা to be verb, auxiliary verb āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা modals āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে āĻŦāϏে āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻ…āύ্āϝাāύ্āϝ āĻāĻ•āĻŽাāϤ্āϰ main verb āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা  have āĻāĻ•াāχ main verb āĻšāϞে āĻāĻĻেāϰ āφāĻ—ে āĻŦāϏে।

We are all students/learners. (āφāĻŽāϰা āϏāĻŦাāχ āĻļিāĻ•্āώাāϰ্āĻĨী)
We are all sinners. (āφāĻŽāϰা āϏāĻŦাāχ āĻĒাāĻĒী)
They all went home. (āϤাāϰা āϏāĻŦাāχ āĻŦা⧜ি āĻ—েāϞ)
āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা All of them went home.
These buildings all belong to the college.
(āĻāχ āĻ­āĻŦāύāĻ—ুāϞো āϏāĻŦāχ āĻ•āϞেāϜেāϰ)
We can all relax. (āφāĻŽāϰা āϏāĻŦাāχ āĻŦিāĻļ্āϰাāĻŽ āύিāϤে āĻĒাāϰি)
We are all getting older. (āφāĻŽāϰা āϏāĻŦাāχ āĻŦু ⧜ি⧟ে āϝাāϚ্āĻ›ি)
We are all going out tonight.
(āφāĻŽāϰা āϰাāϤে āφāĻŽāϰা āϏāĻŦাāχ āĻŦাāχāϰে āϝাāϚ্āĻ›ি)
The tickets have all been sold.
[āĻāĻ–াāύে have  āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে  auxiliary verb ]
(āϟিāĻ•িāϟāĻ—ুāϞো āϏāĻŦāχ āĻŦিāĻ•্āϰি āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে)
The twin sisters are both good dancers.
(āϝāĻŽāϜ āĻŦোāύāĻĻ্āĻŦ⧟েāϰ āωāϭ⧟āχ āĻ­াāϞো āύৃāϤ্āϝāĻļিāϞ্āĻĒী)
The twin sisters both have blue eyes.
(āϝāĻŽāϜ āĻŦোāύāĻĻ্āĻŦ⧟েāϰ āωāϭ⧟েāϰ āϚোāĻ– āύীāϞ।
They both live in Dhaka. (āϤাāϰা āωāϭ⧟āχ āĻĸাāĻ•া⧟ āĻĨাāĻ•ে)
They can both speak English fluently/at home.
They are both old. (āϤাāϰা āωāϭ⧟āχ āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧ)
We are both tired. (āφāĻŽāϰা āωāϭ⧟āχ āĻ•্āϞাāύ্āϤ)
His parents are both teachers/doctors.
(āϤাāϰ āĻĒিāϤাāĻŽাāϤা āωāϭ⧟েāχ āĻļিāĻ•্āώāĻ•/āĻĄাāĻ•্āϤাāϰ)

They/We each have a car.
(Each of us/them has a car.)
They/We have each been questioned.

āϤāĻŦে short answers āĻāϰ āĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে āĻāϰা be verb āĻāϰ āφāĻ—ে āĻŦāϏে।
We are all/both/each ready.
āĻ•িāύ্āϤু
A: Who is ready? 
B: We all/both/each are.

āϜāύāϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨে: āĻŽাāϏ্āϟাāϰ āϜাāĻšাāĻ™্āĻ—ীāϰ āφāϞāĻŽ

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āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ!
parent āĻŽাāύে father or mother
parents āĻŽাāύে father and mother, fathers or mothers

parent's signature     (s āĻāϰ āφāĻ—ে apostrophe)
āϝে āĻ•োāύো āĻāĻ•āϜāύেāϰ āϏ্āĻŦাāĻ•্āώāϰ, āĻŦাāĻŦা āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা āĻŽা
parents' signature     (s āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে apostrophe)
āĻŦাāĻŦা āĻāĻŦং āĻŽা āωāϭ⧟েāϰ āϏ্āĻŦাāĻ•্āώāϰ

The word 'parent' means-
[āϏāĻšāĻ•াāϰী āĻŽাāϧ্āϝāĻŽিāĻ• āϏāĻšāĻ•াāϰী āĻļিāĻ•্āώāĻ• ⧍ā§Ļ⧧⧝]
A. father   B. mother
C. father and mother
D. father or mother 
Ans:D
āϜāύāϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨে: āĻŽাāϏ্āϟাāϰ āϜাāĻšাāĻ™্āĻ—ীāϰ āφāϞāĻŽ

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āĻŦাāϏ্āϤāĻŦিāĻ• āĻ“ āĻ•াāϰ্āϝāĻ•āϰ āωāĻĒা⧟ে āĻļেāĻ–াāϰ āφāĻĻāϰ্āĻļ āύāĻŽুāύা।

1. I like to watch TV - late - night.
(āφāĻŽি āĻ…āύেāĻ• āϰাāϤ āĻ…āĻŦāϧি āϟিāĻ­ি āĻĻেāĻ–āϤে āĻĒāĻ›āύ্āĻĻ āĻ•āϰি) 
   [IFIC Bank (TAO) 2019]
A. at, in    B. in, on     C. until, at     D. to, in

2. Which of the following is a correct English translation of 'āĻ…āύেāĻ• āϰাāϤ āĻ…āĻŦāϧি āφāĻŽি āϟেāϞিāĻ­িāĻļāύ āĻĻেāĻ–ি।'? [CU āϘ ⧍ā§Ļā§Ļā§Ž-ā§Ļ⧝]
A. I watch TV down to late night.
B. I watch TV up to late night.
C. I watch TV until late night.
D. I watch TV until late at night.
E. I watch TV into late at night.

3. What is the correct translation of 'āĻāĻ–āύ āĻ…āύেāĻ• āϰাāϤ' is - [DU D 1997-98]
A. It is very late at night.
B. Now many nights
C. It is deep night now
D. Here it is very late night.

āωāϤ্āϤāϰ : 1. C  2. D    3. A

āĻ…āύেāĻ• āϰাāϤ/āϰাāϤে = late at night,
āĻ…āύেāĻ• āϰাāϤ āĻ…āĻŦāϧি/āĻĒāϰ্āϝāύ্āϤ = until late at night

It was late at night when we finally arrived.
(āĻ…āĻŦāĻļেāώে āφāĻŽāϰা āϝāĻ–āύ āĻĒৌঁāĻ›āϞাāĻŽ āϤāĻ–āύ āĻ…āύেāĻ• āϰাāϤ āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›িāϞ)
Our neighbours are inconsiderate; they're always playing loud music late at night.
(āφāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻŦেāĻļীāϰা āĻ…āĻŦিāĻŦেāϚāĻ•/āĻŦিāĻŦেāĻ•āĻšীāύ; āϤাāϰা āϏāĻŦāϏāĻŽā§Ÿ āĻ…āύেāĻ• āϰাāϤে āωāϚ্āϚ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻে āĻ—াāύ āĻŦাāϜি⧟ে āϚāϞāĻ›ে)
People are scared to use the buses late at night.
(āϞোāĻ•āϜāύ āĻ…āύেāĻ• āϰাāϤে āĻŦাāϏāĻ—ুāϞো āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻ•āϰāϤে āϭ⧟ āĻĒা⧟)

In the public interest : Master Jahangir Alam

āĻāĻ•āχ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύ āϘুāϰি⧟ে āĻĢিāϰি⧟ে āφāϏāϤেāĻ›ে।
āϤাāχ āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦ āĻĻি⧟ে āĻĒ⧜ুāύ।

All my efforts to bring about a compromise ended --  smoke. (āĻāĻ•āϟা āϏāĻŽāĻোāϤা⧟ āφāύাāϰ āφāĻŽাāϰ āϏāĻŦ āĻĒ্āϰāϚেāώ্āϟা āĻŦ্āϝāϰ্āĻĨāϤা⧟ āĻĒāϰ্āϝāĻŦāϏিāϤ āĻšāϞো) 
[DU B 14-15/āĻĸাāĻŦি āĻ– ā§§ā§Ē-ā§§ā§Ģ]
A. with   B. in     C. off      D. through
Ans:B
end in sth - āĻĒāϰ্āϝāĻŦāϏিāϤ āĻšāĻ“ā§Ÿা

All my efforts to bring ---- a compromise ended in smoke.
[āĻŽাāĻĻāĻ•āĻĻ্āϰāĻŦ্āϝ āύি⧟āύ্āϤ্āϰāĻŖ āĻ…āϧিāĻĻāĻĒ্āϤāϰেāϰ āωāĻĒ-āĻĒāϰিāĻĻāϰ্āĻļāĻ• ⧍ā§Ļ⧧⧝]
A. with   B. about    C. in       D. to
Ans:B
bring about - āϘāϟাāύো, āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤāύ āφāύা।

All my efforts -- bring about a compromise ended ---  smoke. [NSI āĻāϰ āĻ•āĻŽ্āĻĒিāωāϟাāϰ āĻ…āĻĒাāϰেāϟāϰ ⧍ā§Ļ⧍⧧]
A. for, in     B. to, into
C. to, in      D. for, into
Ans:C
base form āĻāϰ āφāĻ—ে to āĻŦāϏে।

āϜāύāϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨে: āĻŽাāϏ্āϟাāϰ āϜাāĻšাāĻ™্āĻ—ীāϰ āφāϞāĻŽ

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āϜেāύে āϰাāĻ–ুāύ, āĻ•াāϜে āφāϏāĻŦে।
He used to be my friend.
(āϏে āφāĻŽাāϰ āĻŦāύ্āϧু āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻāĻ–āύ āύি⧟āĻŽিāϤ āϝোāĻ—াāϝোāĻ— āύেāχ)
He was my friend. (He is no more or missing)
(āϏে āφāĻŽাāϰ āĻŦāύ্āϧু āĻ›িāϞ। āĻāĻ–āύ āĻŦেঁāϚে āύেāχ āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা āύিāĻ–োঁāϜ)

We used to be good friends, but we hardly ever see each other now.
They used to be friends, but now they absolutely detest each other.

We were friends and colleagues for more than twenty years.

āϏুāϤāϰাং We were friends. āĻāĻŦং We used to be friends. āĻāϰ āĻĒাāϰ্āĻĨāĻ•্āϝ āĻŦুāĻে āύিāύ।
āϜāύāϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨে: āĻŽাāϏ্āϟাāϰ āϜাāĻšাāĻ™্āĻ—ীāϰ āφāϞāĻŽ

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We āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা "āĻŽাāύāĻŦāϜাāϤি" āĻŦুāĻাāϞে first person āĻšāĻ“ā§Ÿা āϏāϤ্āϤ্āĻŦেāĻ“ indirect speech/narration āĻ āĻ•োāύো āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤāύ āĻšā§Ÿ āύা।
āφāϰ āϚিāϰāύ্āϤāύ āϏāϤ্āϝ āĻšāϞে reported speech āĻāϰ tense āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤāύ āĻšāĻŦে āύা।
Direct : He said (āϏেāĻĄ), "We are all sinners."
Indirect : He said that we are all sinners.
(āϏে āĻŦāϞāϞ āϝে āφāĻŽāϰা āϏāĻŦাāχ āĻĒাāĻĒী)
Direct: He said, "We cannot be quite happy in this life.
Indirect : He said that we cannot be quite happy in this life. (āϏে āĻŦāϞāϞ āϝে āφāĻŽāϰা āĻ āϜীāĻŦāύে āĻĒুāϰোāĻĒুāϰি āϏুāĻ–ী āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰি āύা)
āϜāύāϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨে: āĻŽাāϏ্āϟাāϰ āϜাāĻšাāĻ™্āĻ—ীāϰ āφāϞāĻŽ

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āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύে āĻ­ুāϞ āĻĨাāĻ•āϞে āωāϤ্āϤāϰ āĻĻিāϤে āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝা āĻšā§Ÿ, āĻ…āĻĒ্āϰāϤ্āϝাāĻļিāϤ āĻ­ুāϞ āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ–্āϝা āĻšā§Ÿে āϝা⧟।
Almost everyone fails --- on the first try. [18th BCS]
A. in passing his driver's test
B. to his driver's test
C. to have passed his driver's test
D. passing his driver's test
āĻāχ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύেāϰ B āĻ…āĻĒāĻļāύে pass āĻŦাāĻĻ āĻĒ⧜েāĻ›িāϞ।
āϤাāχ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύে āϏāĻ িāĻ• āωāϤ্āϤāϰ āύেāχ। āϤাāχ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύāĻ•āϰ্āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻ­ুāϞ āĻ›িāϞ āϝাāϰ āĻ•াāϰāĻŖে āφāĻŽāϰাāĻ“ āĻŦিāĻ­্āϰাāύ্āϤ āĻ›িāϞাāĻŽ।
A āĻ•ে āωāϤ্āϤāϰ āĻĻি⧟েāĻ›িāϞাāĻŽ।  āϝা āĻšোāĻ•, āύিāϚে āĻĻেāĻ–ুāύ āφāϰ MASTER āĻŦāĻ‡ā§Ÿে āϏংāĻļোāϧāύ āĻ•āϰে āύিāύ।
(Appropriate preposition āĻāϰ F āĻāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻĻেāĻ–ুāύ।)
āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύেāϰ āĻāχ āĻ­ুāϞেāϰ āĻ•াāϰāĻŖে āĻ…āύ্āϝ āĻŦāχāĻ—ুāϞোāϤে āĻ­ুāϞ āωāϤ্āϤāϰ āĻ›িāϞ।

Almost everyone fails --- on the first try.
[DU C 2005-06]
A. in passing his driver's test
B. to pass his driver's test
C. to have passed his driver's test
D. passing his driver's test
E. passed his driver's test
āϏāĻ িāĻ• āωāϤ্āϤāϰ  B
āĻ•োāύো āĻ•িāĻ›ু āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻŦ্āϝāϰ্āĻĨ āĻšāĻ“ā§Ÿা āĻŦুāĻাāϤে fail + infinitive
āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ।
He failed to reach the final this year.
āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা fail + object āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ।
He failed his driving test.
A lot of people fail their driving test the first time.

āĻ•োāύো āĻ•িāĻ›ুāϤে āĻŦ্āϝāϰ্āĻĨ āĻšāĻ“ā§Ÿা āĻŦুāĻাāϤে fail in sth/something
āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ।
He failed in his attempt to break the record.
Despite being a good student, he failed in the exam.
He failed in English last year.
I passed in history but failed in chemistry.

Almost everyone fails --- on the first try.
[Medical Admission 1993-94]
A. to have passed
B. passing
C. in passing
D. to pass
āϏāĻ িāĻ• āωāϤ্āϤāϰ D. to pass
āφāĻŽাāϰ āĻ…āϏāϤāϰ্āĻ•āϤাāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻ•্āώāĻŽাāĻĒ্āϰাāϰ্āĻĨী।
āĻ­ুāϞেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰা⧟āĻļ্āϚিāϤ্āϤ āĻ•āϰে āĻĻিāϞাāĻŽ āĻāχ āϏংāĻļোāϧāύী āĻĒোāϏ্āϟ āĻĻি⧟ে।

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Subject Verb Agreement Rule 2.1
(RESEARCH āĻŦেāχāϏিāĻ• āĻ—্āϰ‍্āϝাāĻŽাāϰ āĻĨেāĻ•ে) 
RULE:
āĻĻুāϟো noun āĻ•ে and āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা āϝুāĻ•্āϤ āĻ•āϰে āϝāĻĻি āĻāĻ•āĻ• āϧাāϰāĻŖা āĻŦুāĻাāύো āĻšā§Ÿ āϤাāĻšāϞে āϤা singular subject āĻšā§Ÿ āĻāĻŦং (3rd person) singular verb āĻ—্āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϰে āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨাā§Ž it/he/she āϝে verb āĻ—ুāϞো āĻ—্āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϰে।
āϝেāĻŽāύ: is, was, has, base form +s/es āχāϤ্āϝাāĻĻি।

1. Law and order needs to be maintained at any cost. (āϝেāĻ•োāύো āĻŽূāϞ্āϝে āφāχāύ āĻļৃāĻ™্āĻ–āϞা āĻŦāϜা⧟ āϰাāĻ–āϤে āĻšāĻŦে) 
2. Law and order is worsening in the city day by day.
3. Profit and loss is important to every business.
(āϞাāĻ­ āĻ•্āώāϤি āĻĒ্āϰāϤ্āϝেāĻ• āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāϏাāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ) 
4. The colour and style is a matter of personal taste. (āϰং āĻ“ āϧাঁāϚ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤিāĻ—āϤ āϰুāϚিāϰ āĻŦ্āϝাāĻĒাāϰ) 
5. Truth and honesty is the best policy.
6. Honour and glory is his reward.
7. The new bed and breakfast opens this week.

āĻāĻ•āχāĻ­াāĻŦে, āĻĻুāϟো gerund āϝāĻĻি and āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা āϝুāĻ•্āϤ āĻšā§Ÿে āĻāĻ•āĻ• āϧাāϰāĻŖা āĻŦুāĻা⧟ āϤাāĻšāϞে āϤা singular verb āύে⧟।

1. Playing the harmonium and singing is difficult.
(āĻšাāϰāĻŽোāύি⧟াāĻŽ āĻŦাāϜি⧟ে āĻ—াāύ āĻ—াāĻ“ā§Ÿা āĻ•āĻ িāύ)
2. Loading and unloading ships is fatiguing work.
(āϜাāĻšাāϜে āĻŽাāϞ āĻŦোāĻাāχ āĻ•āϰা āĻ“ āĻŽাāϞ āĻ–াāϞাāϏ āĻ•āϰা āĻ•্āϞাāύ্āϤিāĻ•āϰ āĻ•াāϜ)
3. Drinking and driving has tough penalties.
(āĻŽāĻĻ āĻ–ে⧟ে āĻ—া⧜ি āϚাāϞাāύোāϰ āĻ•āĻ োāϰ āĻĻāĻŖ্āĻĄ āφāĻ›ে)
4. Drinking and driving is dangerous.
(āĻŽāĻĻ āĻ–ে⧟ে āĻ—া⧜ি āϚাāϞাāύো āĻŦিāĻĒāĻĻāϜāύāĻ•)
5. Meeting him and talking to him is always a learning experience. (āϤাāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āϏাāĻ•্āώাā§Ž/āĻĻেāĻ–া āĻ•āϰে āĻ•āĻĨা āĻŦāϞা āϏāϰ্āĻŦāĻĻা āĻāĻ•āϟা āĻļিāĻ•্āώāĻŖী⧟ āĻ…āĻ­িāϜ্āĻžāϤা) 
6. Breaking and entering is against the law.
(āĻ…āύ্āϝেāϰ āĻ—ৃāĻšে āĻ­েāĻ™ে āĻĒ্āϰāĻŦেāĻļ āĻ•āϰা āφāχāύ āĻŦিāϰুāĻĻ্āϧ) 

Subject Verb Agreement
Rule:
One of, Each of, Either of, Neither of āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে plural noun āĻāĻŦং singular verb (3rd person singular) āĻŦāϏে।
Either/Neither āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা āĻĻুāĻ‡ā§Ÿেāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻŦুāĻা⧟।
āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ plural noun āĻāϰ āϏাāĻĨে s/es āϝুāĻ•্āϤ āĻšā§Ÿ āφāϰ singular verb āĻāϰ āϏাāĻĨে s/es āϝুāĻ•্āϤ āĻšā§Ÿ। āϤাāχ āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ singular verb āĻāϰ āĻļেāώে s āĻĨাāĻ•ে।

Incorrect : One of my friends live in London.
Correct : One of my friends lives in London.

Incorrect: Either of these three girls are to blame for the damage.
Correct: Either of these two girls is to blame for the damage.

Incorrect: Either of these buses go past the university.
Correct: Either of these buses goes past the university.

Incorrect: Neither of these buses go past the historical monument
Correct : Neither of these buses goes past the historical monument .

Incorrect: Either of these three books are good.
Correct : Either of these two books is good.

Incorrect: Neither of the roads lead to the railway station.
Correct: Neither of the roads leads to the railway station.

Incorrect: Each of the radioisotopes produced artificially have its own distinct structure.
Correct: Each of the radioisotopes produced artificially has its own distinct structure.

āĻ…āύুāϰূāĻĒ,
Neither of these two women -- to be trusted. (is)
Neither of these mattresses --- comfortable. (feels)
Each of the men and women -- bound to obey the law of the country. (is)

āϜāύāϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨে: āĻŽাāϏ্āϟাāϰ āϜাāĻšাāĻ™্āĻ—ীāϰ āφāϞāĻŽ

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MASTER āĻŦāĻ‡ā§Ÿেāϰ SUBJECT VERB AGREEMENT āĻ…āϧ্āϝা⧟েāϰ āĻŦিāĻ­্āϰাāύ্āϤিāĻ•āϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύেāϰ āϏāĻŽাāϧাāύ।

01. The mob ---- dispersed.
     (āωāϚ্āĻ›ৃāĻ™্āĻ–āϞ āϜāύāϤা āĻ›āϤ্āϰāĻ­āĻ™্āĻ— āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে)
a. has   b. is    c. are    d. have
āϏāĻ িāĻ• āωāϤ্āϤāϰ : a. has
āĻāĻ–াāύে āĻāχ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύে āωāϤ্āϤāϰ have āĻ•িংāĻŦা are āĻšāĻŦে āύা। āĻĒāϰীāĻ•্āώা⧟ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύāϟি āĻšুāĻŦুāĻšু āφāϏāϞে āĻāĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে āωāϤ্āϤāϰ has āχ āĻĻিāϤে āĻšāĻŦে।
āϰেāĻĢাāϰেāύ্āϏ : High School English Grammar - Wren & Martin āĻāϰ Subject Verb Agreement āĻ…āϧ্āϝা⧟ āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύāϟি āϏেāϟ āĻ•āϰা āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›িāϞ।

Pick up the INCORRECT sentence. [JU IBA 11-12]
A. Justice, as well as mercy, allows it.
B. Each of the sisters are clever.
C. The mob has dispersed.
D. Neither he nor I was there.
Ans: B (āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύে āĻ­ুāϞ āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝ āϚাāĻ“ā§Ÿা āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে) 
B āϤে āϏāĻ িāĻ• āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝ āĻšāĻŦে- Each of the sisters is clever.

02. The decoration of the new office block, including the furniture and curtains, ---- .
[āϜāύāϤা āĻŦ্āϝাংāĻ• āĻ…্āϝাāϏিāϏāϟেāύ্āϟ āĻāĻ•্āϏিāĻ•িāωāϟিāĻ­ āĻ…āĻĢিāϏাāϰ ⧍ā§Ļā§§ā§Ģ]
{āύāϤুāύ āĻ…āĻĢিāϏ āĻŦ্āϞāĻ•েāϰ āϏāϜ্āϜা, āφāϏāĻŦাāĻŦāĻĒāϤ্āϰ āĻāĻŦং āĻĒāϰ্āĻĻা āϏāĻŽেāϤ,
āĻ–ুāĻŦ āύāϜāϰāĻ•া⧜া/āύ⧟āύাāĻ­িāϰাāĻŽ/āϏুāύ্āĻĻāϰ। }
A. is more pleasing
B. are more pleasing
C. have most pleasing
D.  is most pleasing
Ans:D
āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ–্āϝা : āĻāχ āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝে āĻ•োāύো āϤুāϞāύা āĻŦুāĻা⧟āύি āϤাāχ more āĻšāĻŦে āύা, āφāϰ āϤুāϞāύা āύা āĻŦুāĻাāϞে very āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨে most āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ।
He leads a most unhappy life.
I saw a most beautiful scenery.
He is most unfortunate.
very āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨে most + adjective, a most + adjective + noun āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ।

āύি⧟āĻŽ:
āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝে āĻĻুāϟো āĻ­িāύ্āύ person āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা number āĻāϰ antecedent āĻĨাāĻ•āϞে āύিāĻ•āϟāϤāĻŽ antecedent āϟিāϰ number āĻ“ person āĻ…āύুāϏাāϰে relative pronoun āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে  verb āĻŦāϏে।

You are the person who is responsible for this.
= It is you who are responsible for this.

I am the man who helps you.
= It is I who help you.

I am the man who has done it.
You are the man who is to suffer for it.
You are the man who is guilty.
I am your teacher/leader/boss who is giving you this order.

03. You are the man who -- always troubled me.
(āϤুāĻŽি āϏেāχ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤি āϝে āφāĻŽাāĻ•ে āϏāϰ্āĻŦāĻĻা āĻাāĻŽেāϞা āĻ•āϰেāĻ›ে)
[āĻŦিāĻŽাāύ āĻŦাংāϞাāĻĻেāĻļ āĻā§ŸাāϰāϞাāχāύ্āϏ āϞিāĻŽিāϟেāĻĄ, āϏāĻšāĻ•াāϰী āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāϏ্āĻĨাāĻĒāĻ• ⧍ā§Ļ⧍ā§Ļ]
A. is    B. have    C. has    D. were
Ans:C
āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা,
Find out the incorrect word or phrase.
You are the man who have always troubled me.
[āĻŽāĻšা āĻšিāϏাāĻŦāϰāĻ•্āώāĻ• āĻ“ āύিāϰীāĻ•্āώāĻ• āĻāϰ āĻ…āϧীāύে āĻ…āĻĄিāϟāϰ/āĻ…āϧীāĻ•্āώāĻ•-ā§§ā§¯ā§¯ā§Ž]
A. The   B. Man   C. Have   D. Me
Ans:C
(āĻ•াāϰāĻŖ, have āĻāϰ āϏ্āĻĨāϞে has āĻšāĻŦে।)

āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ āĻĻুāχ āĻŦা āϤāϤোāϧিāĻ• noun āĻāϰ āφāĻ—ে every/each/no āĻĨাāĻ•āϞে verb āϟি singular āĻšā§Ÿ।

03. Each boy and each girl (dress) with a new dress.
(āĻĒ্āϰāϤ্āϝেāĻ• āĻŦাāϞāĻ• āĻŦাāϞিāĻ•া āύāϤুāύ āĻĒোāĻļাāĻ• āĻĒāϰিāĻšিāϤ āĻ›িāϞ)
[RU āĻŽাāϰ্āĻ•েāϟিং 2007-08]
A. was dressed  B. were dressed
C. dresses          D. have dressed
Ans:A
āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝāϟিāϤে with a news dress āφāĻ›ে āϤাāχ āφāĻ—ে passive āĻšāĻŦে āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨাā§Ž was dressed āĻšāĻŦে ( dresses āĻšāĻŦে āύা।)
āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা, (āĻĒোāĻļাāĻ•) āĻĒāϰিāĻšিāϤ āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨে dressed with āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ।
āĻ•িāύ্āϤু
Every āĻāϰ āĻĒুāύāϰাāĻŦৃāϤ্āϤি āύা āĻ•āϰা āĻšāϞেāĻ“ verb āϟি (3rd person) singular āĻšāĻŦে। āϝেāĻŽāύ:
Every man, woman and child was killed.
Every man, woman and child on the island has suffered the effects of the fuel shortage.
[BSMRSTU F 15-16]
āϜāύāϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨে: āĻŽাāϏ্āϟাāϰ āϜাāĻšাāĻ™্āĻ—ীāϰ āφāϞāĻŽ

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āĻ–ুāĻŦ āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ
by far vs so far

1. Those customers are --- the most demanding we've ever had. [āχāύāĻ­েāϏ্āϟ āĻ•āϰ্āĻĒোāϰেāĻļāύেāϰ āĻ…āĻĢিāϏাāϰ-ā§§ā§§]
A. so far          B. by far
C. from far      D. since far
Ans: B

āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ–্āϝা
by far (āύিঃāϏāύ্āĻĻেāĻšে) āĻŦāϏে āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ superlative + noun āĻāϰ āφāĻ—ে (āϤāĻŦে āĻļুāϧু superlative āĻĒāϰেāĻ“ āĻŦāϏে) āφāϰ so far (āĻ āĻĒāϰ্āϝāύ্āϤ) āĻŦāϏে superlative āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে।
He is by far the best player in team.
Salman is the smartest by far.
This is the best so far.

so far
so far āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ "āĻāĻ–āύ āĻĒāϰ্āϝāύ্āϤ (until now, up to the present) āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨে āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ present perfect tense āĻ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ। āϤāĻŦে āĻ…āύ্āϝ tense āĻ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।
āϤāĻŦে superlative āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে so far āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ।
This is the best so far. (āĻ āĻĒāϰ্āϝāύ্āϤ āĻāϟাāχ āϏেāϰা)
There have been hundreds of thousands of deaths from Covid-19 so far.
More than a thousand people have died of/from covid-19 so far.
Fifty people have died so far due to cold wave.
(āĻļৈāϤ্āϝ āĻĒ্āϰāĻŦাāĻšে āĻāĻ–āύ āĻĒāϰ্āϝāύ্āϤ ā§Ģā§Ļ āϜāύ āϞোāĻ• āĻŽাāϰা āĻ—েāĻ›ে)
Let's review what has happened so far.
(āĻāĻ–āύ āĻĒāϰ্āϝāύ্āϤ āϝা āϘāϟেāĻ›ে āϚāϞো āϤা āύি⧟ে āĻ•āĻĨা āĻŦāϞি)
So far, we haven't had much progress.
(āĻāĻ–āύ āĻĒāϰ্āϝāύ্āϤ, āφāĻŽāϰা āĻŦেāĻļি āωāύ্āύāϤি āĻ•āϰিāύি)
Bangladesh haven't had a win so far this season.
Several arrests have been made so far by the police.
He has played for his club in 100 matches so far.
Everything is going well. We haven't had any problems so far. [COU (A) 15-16]

by far /far and away /out and away

by far āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ "āĻ…āύেāĻ•াংāĻļে (by a great amount) āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨে superlative degree āĻāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ।
They are by far the best students in the class.
Football is by far/far and away the most popular sport in Britain.
Master is by far the best book of English for competitive exams.
Shalman Shah was the smartest by far.

1. It is --- far the most exciting book that he has ever written. [RU D 16-17]
This book is - far the best one he has ever written.
[CU B2 16-17]
A. on        B. in        C. by     D. at
Ans:C

āφāϰāĻ“ āĻŦিāϏ্āϤাāϰিāϤ
the + superlative adjective āĻāϰ āφāĻ—ে āύিāĻŽ্āύোāĻ•্āϤ adverbial āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা adverbial phrase āĻ—ুāϞো āĻŦāϏāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।
Much/by far/out and away = by a great amount,  āĻ…āύেāĻ•াংāĻļে, in all respects, āϏāϰ্āĻŦাংāĻļে
(by) far and away = by a very great amount
easily = without doubt, definitely = āύিঃāϏāύ্āĻĻেāĻšে
Baahubali is much the best film (that) S S Rajamouli has ever directed.
He is by far/out and away/easily the best player in the team.
He is by far/out and away/easily the best student in the class.
He is easily the most experienced teacher in the college.
He is easily the best writer (that) I've ever known.
āϜāύāϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨে: āĻŽাāϏ্āϟাāϰ āϜাāĻšাāĻ™্āĻ—ীāϰ āφāϞāĻŽ

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#MASTER āĻŦāĻ‡ā§Ÿেāϰ āĻŦিāĻ­্āϰাāύ্āϤিāĻ•āϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύāĻ—ুāϞোāϰ āϏāĻŽাāϧাāύ!
āĻāĻ• āϏাāĻĨে ⧍ā§Ē āϟি āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύেāϰ āϏāĻŽাāϧাāύ।

ā§Ļā§§
The baby sleeps. Here "sleeps" is a - verb.
[āĻŦাংāϞাāĻĻেāĻļ āĻŦেāϤাāϰেāϰ āĻšিāϏাāĻŦ āϏāĻšāĻ•াāϰী ⧍ā§Ļ⧧⧝]
A. neuter   B. transitive   C. passive  D. regular
Ans:D
āϝে āϏāĻ•āϞ āĻļেāώে d, ed, t āϝুāĻ•্āϤ āĻ•āϰে past form āĻāĻŦং past participle āĻ•āϰা āĻšā§Ÿ āϤাāĻĻেāϰāĻ•ে weak verb āĻŦা regular verb āĻŦāϞে।  sleep-slept-slept, work-worked-worked

She sleeps. Here the verb "sleep" is
A. Transitive verb
B. Intransitive verb
C. Be verb
D. Linking verb
Ans:B
verb āĻāϰ object āύা āĻĨাāĻ•āϞে āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨাā§Ž āĻĒāϰে noun (phrase)/pronoun āύা āĻŦāϏāϞে āϤা intransitive verb (complete verb)

ā§Ļ⧍
āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύেāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύেāϰ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ• āφāĻ›ে, āĻŦুāĻে āĻĒ⧜āϤে āĻšā§Ÿ।
āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦāĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞ⧟ āĻ­āϰ্āϤি āĻĒāϰীāĻ•্āώা⧟ āφāϏা āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύāĻ—ুāϞো āĻĒ⧜া āωāϚিāϤ।

1. Interjections that express a sudden burst of emotion are followed by what kind of punctuation?
[āĻŦāĻ™্āĻ—āĻŦāύ্āϧু āĻļেāĻ– āĻŽুāϜিāĻŦুāϰ āϰāĻšāĻŽাāύ āĻŦিāϜ্āĻžাāύ āĻ“ āĻĒ্āϰāϝুāĻ•্āϤি āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦāĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞ⧟/BSMRSTU F 2018-19]
A. Comma
B. Semicolon
C. Colon
D. Exclamation
Ans:D

2. What part of speech expresses a mild or sudden burst of emotion? 
[NSI āĻāϰ āĻ•āĻŽ্āĻĒিāωāϟাāϰ āĻ…āĻĒাāϰেāϟāϰ ⧍ā§Ļ⧍⧧]
A. Conjunction
B. Adjective
C. Interjection
D. Preposition
Ans:C
Interjection āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ Exclamation āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻāĻŦং āϤা āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•াāĻļ āĻ•āϰāϤে exclamation mark (!) āϞাāĻ—ে।

ā§Ļā§Š
āĻļেāĻ–া āĻšোāĻ• āϏ্āĻŦাāϚ্āĻ›āύ্āĻĻ্āϝāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻ“ āφāύāύ্āĻĻা⧟āĻ•!
1. Which is the lowest unit of grammar hierarchy?
[āĻĒা⧟āϰা āĻŦāύ্āĻĻāϰ āĻ•āϰ্āϤৃāĻĒāĻ•্āώেāϰ āωāĻĒ-āϏāĻšāĻ•াāϰী āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•ৌāĻļāϞী (āϏিāĻ­িāϞ) ⧍ā§Ļ⧍ā§Ļ]
A. Morphemes     B. Clause
C. Words               D. Sentence
Ans:A

2. Which one is not a grammatical unit?
[āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāϰāĻ•্āώা āĻŽāύ্āϤ্āϰāĻŖাāϞ⧟েāϰ āϏিāĻ­িāϞি⧟াāύ āĻ…āĻĢিāϏাāϰ ⧍ā§Ļā§§ā§Ŧ]
A. Clause             B. Morpheme
C. Paragraph       D. Phrase
Ans:C

Grammatical Unit Hierarchy (āĻ—্āϰ‍্āϝাāĻŽাāϰেāϰ āĻāĻ•āĻ• āφāϧিāĻĒāϤ্āϝ āĻĒāϰāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰা/āĻĒāĻĻāϏোāĻĒাāύ)
1. Morpheme 2. Word  3. Phrase  4. Clause 
5. Sentence
āϜāύāϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨে: āĻŽাāϏ্āϟাāϰ āϜাāĻšাāĻ™্āĻ—ীāϰ āφāϞāĻŽ

āĻāĻ•āϟু āϤāĻĢাā§Ž! 

He has given up smoking.
(āϏে āϧুāĻŽāĻĒাāύ āĻ›ে⧜ে āĻĻি⧟েāĻ›ে)
He is given to smoking.
(āϏে āϧুāĻŽāĻĒাāύে āĻ…āĻ­্āϝāϏ্āϤ/āϧুāĻŽāĻĒাāύ āĻ•āϰা āϤাāϰ āϏ্āĻŦāĻ­াāĻŦ)

ā§Ļā§Ē
āĻŦিāĻ­্āϰাāύ্āϤ āĻšāĻŦেāύ āύা!

The passive voice of "He made us work" is-
[RU 02-03, IU G 15-16]
(āϤিāύি/āϏে āφāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻ•াāϜ āĻ•āϰāϞ)
A. We was made the work by him.
B. Work was made by him for us.
C. Work were made by him to us.
D. We were made the work for him.
Ans:B
āĻāĻ–াāύে āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝāϟিāϤে make āĻ•ে ditransitive verb āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āϧāϰা āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে। āϤাāχ passive voice āĻ direct object "work (noun)" āĻ•ে subject āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āύে⧟া āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে। āφāϰ indirect object "us" āĻāϰ āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŦে "āϜāύ্āϝ" āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨে for āĻŦāϏাāύো āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে।

āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝāϟিāϤে made āĻ•ে causative verb āĻŦিāĻŦেāϚāύা āĻ•āϰা āĻšāϞে passive voice āĻšāĻŦে āύিāĻŽ্āύāϰূāĻĒ -
We were made to work by him.

Active : Subject + make (verb) + object + base form
               He made us laugh.
Passive: object + aux.verb+ past participle + to + base form (full infinitive/to-infinitive) + (by + subject āωāĻš্āϝ āĻĨাāĻ•āϤে āĻĒাāϰে)
We were made to laugh (by him).

Active: They made him tell them everything.
Passive: He was made to tell them everything.

ā§Ļā§Ģ

The committee ---- unable to agree on this question.
A. is  B. was   C. were   D. none
Ans:C (British English āĻ…āύুāϏাāϰে।)
The committee were unable to agree on this question/point. (āĻāχ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύে/āĻŦিāώ⧟ে āĻ•āĻŽিāϟিāϰ āϏāĻĻāϏ্āϝāϰা āĻāĻ•āĻŽāϤ āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰেāύি)
āĻāĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে unable to agree = disagree
āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨাā§Ž āϏāĻĻāϏ্āϝāϰা āĻāĻ•āĻŽāϤ āύ⧟, āϤাāχ plural verb (were) āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে। 
āϜāύāϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨে: āĻŽাāϏ্āϟাāϰ āϜাāĻšাāĻ™্āĻ—ীāϰ āφāϞāĻŽ

ā§Ļā§Ŧ
āϏāĻ িāĻ• āĻļিāĻ–ুāύ।
We'll be getting --- the train in ten minutes.
[RU D, āĻ…-āĻŦাāĻŖিāϜ্āϝ 2015-16]
A. in
B. off
C. up
D. down
āϏāĻ িāĻ• āωāϤ্āϤāϰ : B. off
(āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝেāϰ āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨ: āφāĻŽāϰা ā§§ā§Ļ āĻŽিāύিāϟ āĻĒāϰে āϟ্āϰেāύ āĻĨেāĻ•ে āύাāĻŽāĻŦ/āύাāĻŽāϤে āĻĨাāĻ•āĻŦ।)
āϝাāύāĻŦাāĻšāύে āωāĻ া āĻŦুāĻাāϤে get on āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ।
I think we got on the wrong train.
āφāϰ āϝাāύāĻŦাāĻšāύ āĻĨেāĻ•ে āύাāĻŽা āĻŦুāĻাāϤে get off (āĻāĻ–āύ āĻāϟাāχ āĻĒ্āϰāϚāϞিāϤ) āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা get down from (āĻāĻ–āύ āĻĒ্āϰāϚāϞিāϤ āύ⧟) āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ।
I forgot to take my bag with me when I got off the train.
Please, get off the train when it arrives at the station.
Don't get down from a running train.

ā§Ļā§­

āĻāχ āϏāĻšāϜ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύāϟা āĻ…āύেāĻ• āĻļিāĻ•্āώাāϰ্āĻĨীāϰ āĻŦিāĻ­্āϰাāύ্āϤি āĻ•াāϰāĻŖ!
āĻ•োāύāϟি Abstract noun?
[āĻĒ্āϰাāĻĨāĻŽিāĻ• āĻĒ্āϰāϧাāύ āĻļিāĻ•্āώāĻ• (āĻ•্āϰিāϏাāύāĻĨিāĻŽাāĻŽ)-⧍ā§Ļ⧧⧍]
A. Agency
B. Infant
C. Anxious
D. Grand
Ans: A (Agency-āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāύিāϧিāϤ্āĻŦ)
Infant (common noun) - infancy (abstract noun)
[infantry (āĻĒāĻĻাāϤিāĻ• āĻŦাāĻšিāύী)- collective noun ]
Anxious (adjective) - Anxiety (abstract noun)
Grand (adjective) - grandeur (āĻ—্āϰ‍্āϝাāύāϜাāϰ)- abstract noun

ā§Ļā§Ž
MASTER āĻŦāĻ‡ā§Ÿেāϰ āĻāχ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύāϟি āύি⧟ে āĻ…āύেāĻ•েāϰāχ confusion!
āĻ…āύেāĻ•েāχ āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ–্āϝা āϚে⧟েāĻ›েāύ।
Q: In 1989, this building -- fire.
A. caught            B. was caught
C. has caught    D. has been caught
Ans: A
āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ–্āϝা:
1989 āϏ্āĻĒāώ্āϟ āĻ…āϤীāϤ āϏাāϞ āϤাāχ past indefinite tense āĻšāĻŦে āĻāĻŦং āφāĻ—ুāύ āϞাāĻ—া (to start burning/to begin to burn) āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨে catch fire (UK)/catch on fire (US) āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ। āϤাāχ passive āĻšāĻŦে āύা।
She had to be rescued when her house caught fire
(US-caught on fire)
When the grass in the yard caught fire, I thought the whole house was going to burn down.
The car overturned and caught fire.
Her sharee caught fire while she was cooking.

ā§Ļ⧝
Our school is ----- the main road.
(āφāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āϏ্āĻ•ুāϞāϟি āĻĒ্āϰāϧাāύ āϏ⧜āĻ•েāϰ āĻĒাāĻļে āĻ…āĻŦāϏ্āĻĨিāϤ)
[āĻĒ্āϰাāĻĨāĻŽিāĻ• āĻĒ্āϰāϧাāύ āĻļিāĻ•্āώāĻ• ⧍ā§Ļā§Ļā§­]
A. on   
D. by
āϏāĻ িāĻ• āωāϤ্āϤāϰ : on
āĻ•োāύো āĻ•িāĻ›ুāϰ āĻĒাāĻļে (āĻ…āĻŦāϏ্āĻĨাāύ) āĻŦুāĻাāϤে on āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ, āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ road, street, avenue āĻāϰ āĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে on āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ।
The house is on a very busy road. (OALD, road)
His apartment was on a main road and there was a constant roar of traffic. (CALD, roar)
āϜāύāϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨে: āĻŽাāϏ্āϟাāϰ āϜাāĻšাāĻ™্āĻ—ীāϰ āφāϞāĻŽ

ā§§ā§Ļ
āϏে āφāĻŽাāϰ āφāĻĒāύ āĻ­াāχ। [⧧⧍āϤāĻŽ āĻļিāĻ•্āώāĻ• āύিāĻŦāύ্āϧāύ ⧍ā§Ļā§§ā§Ģ]
A. He is my brother.
B. He is my step brother.
C. He is my elder brother.
D. He is my own brother.
āϏāĻ িāĻ• āωāϤ্āϤāϰ : D
(āφāϏāϞে āĻāĻ–াāύে own āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে Emphasizing adjective
āφāĻĒāύ āĻ­াāχ, āĻ¸ā§Ž āĻ­াāχ āĻĻুāϜāύেāχ āĻ­াāχ āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻĒৃāĻĨāĻ• āĻ•āϰে āĻŦুāĻাāύোāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ own āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻ•āϰা āĻšā§Ÿ।)
āφāĻĒāύ/āύিāϜেāϰ āĻ­াāχ/āĻŦোāύ/āĻŽা/āĻŦাāĻŦা (āϜোāϰ āĻĻি⧟ে) āĻŦুāĻাāϤে
own brother/sister/mother/father āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ।

āϰেāĻĢাāϰেāύ্āϏ : Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary
āϤে inform on āĻ āĻĻেāĻ–ুāύ।
āĻŦাংāϞা āĻāĻ•াāĻĄেāĻŽি English to Bangla  Dictionary āϤে own āĻ āĻĻেāĻ–ুāύ।

ā§§ā§§
āĻ…āĻ•াāϟ্āϝ āϰেāĻĢাāϰেāύ্āϏāϏāĻš āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ–্āϝা āĻŦুāĻে āĻĒ⧜ুāύ।
A snake can eat and digest animals much larger than ---. [DU B 2013-14]
(āĻāĻ•āϟা āϏাāĻĒ āϤাāϰ āύিāϜেāϰ āϚে⧟ে āĻŦেāĻļ āĻŦ⧜ āφāĻ•াāϰেāϰ āϜীāĻŦāĻ•ে āĻ–ে⧟ে āĻšāϜāĻŽ āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻĒাāϰে)
A. it
B. itself
C. its
D. it has
āϏāĻ িāĻ• āωāϤ্āϤāϰ B. itself
āϝāĻ–āύ subject āĻāĻŦং verb/preposition āĻāϰ object āĻāĻ•āχ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤি āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা āĻŦāϏ্āϤুāĻ•ে āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļ āĻ•āϰে āϤāĻ–āύ object āĻāϰ āϏ্āĻĨāϞে reflexive pronoun āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ।
Incorrect: I love me.
Correct: I love myself.
āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύāϟা Barron's TOEFL āĻāϰ Problem 50 āĻāϰ Part A āĻāϰ āωāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖāϟি āĻāĻ•āϟু āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤāύ āĻ•āϰে āϏেāϟ āĻ•āϰা āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›িāϞ।
The jaw structure of a snake permits it to eat and digest animals much larger than ---
A. it    B. itself    C. its    D. it has
Ans: B. itself

⧧⧍
āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύāϟা āύি⧟ে āĻ…āύেāĻ•েāϰ āĻŦিāĻ­্āϰাāύ্āϤি!
I am not - with you.
(āφāĻŽি āϤোāĻŽাāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āϏাāĻĨে āĻāĻ•āĻŽāϤ āύāχ)
A. at one
B. agree
Ans:A (at one)
āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ–্āϝা
(be verb = am/is/are/was/were) + at one with (sb) = agree with, āĻāĻ•āĻŽāϤ āĻšāĻ“ā§Ÿা।
do verb + not + agree with + somebody (sb)
be verb + not + at one with + somebody (sb)
I do not agree with you.
I am not at one with you.

He is not at one with me on this point.
He does not agree with me on this point.
(āĻ āĻŦ্āϝাāĻĒাāϰে āϏে āφāĻŽাāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āĻāĻ•āĻŽāϤ āύ⧟)
We agree on most things, but on this question we are not at one with each other.

ā§§ā§Š
Prices have increased by ----- 300 percent.
Applications have risen this year by ---- 50%
A. as much as
B. as many as
Ans:A
percent (%) āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা āĻĒāϰিāĻŽাāĻŖ āĻŦুāĻা⧟ āϤাāχ as much as āĻšāĻŦে।

ā§§ā§Ē

It costs relatively ---- and you can save a lot.
A. little
B. small
Ans:A
āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝে cost (verb) āĻ•ে modify āĻ•āϰāϤে adverb āĻĻāϰāĻ•াāϰ āϤাāχ little āĻšāĻŦে।
It costs relatively little. It is relatively small.

ā§§ā§Ģ
--- traffic means ----- traffic accidents, people should use public transportation more. [CU E 16-17]
A. more, less      B. fewer,  fewer               
C. a few, less      D.  less, fewer  
E. few, less

Ans:D
āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ–্āϝা :
traffic āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে uncountable noun āϤাāχ āĻāϰ āφāĻ—ে less āĻŦāϏāĻŦে।
traffic accidents āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে plural noun āϤাāχ āĻāϰ āφāĻ—ে fewer āĻŦāϏে।
āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝে āϤুāϞāύা āĻŦুāĻাāύো āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে। āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝেāϰ āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨ: āĻ…āĻĒেāĻ•্āώাāĻ•ৃāϤ āĻ•āĻŽ āϝাāύāĻŦাāĻšāύ āĻŽাāύে āĻ…āĻĒেāĻ•্āώাāĻ•ৃāϤ āĻ•āĻŽ āϏংāĻ–্āϝāĻ• āϝাāύāĻŦাāĻšāύ āĻĻুāϰ্āϘāϟāύা, āϞোāĻ•āϜāύেāϰ āĻŦেāĻļি āĻŦেāĻļি āĻ—āĻŖāĻĒāϰিāĻŦāĻšāύ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻ•āϰা āωāϚিāϤ।
āϤাāχ less, fewer āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšāĻŦে।

ā§§ā§Ŧ
2. Which of the following is not a plural form of 'Buffalo'? [NSI āĻāϰ āϜুāύি⧟āϰ āĻĢিāϞ্āĻĄ āĻ…āĻĢিāϏাāϰ ⧍ā§Ļ⧧⧝]
a. Buffaloss    b. Buffalos
c. Buffaloes    d. Buffalo       e. None
Ans: a
Bufallo āĻāϰ plural āϤিāύāϟি Buffalo, Buffaloes āĻāĻŦং Buffalos
āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ–্āϝ, plural noun āĻļেāώে āĻ•āĻ–āύো ss āĻĨাāĻ•ে āύা।
āĻ•াāϰāĻŖ, Noun āĻāϰ plural āĻ•āϰāϤে noun āϟিāϰ āĻļেāώে s/es āϝোāĻ— āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻšā§Ÿ āϤাāχ plural noun āĻāϰ āĻļেāώে āĻāĻ•āϟিāĻŽাāϤ্āϰ s āĻĨাāĻ•ে āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা āĻ•িāĻ›ু noun āύিāϜেāχ plural āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে āϤāĻ–āύ āĻ•োāύো s  āϝুāĻ•্āϤ āĻ•āϰা āϞাāĻ—ে āύা।
āϜেāύে āϰাāĻ–ুāύ, āĻ•িāĻ›ু singular noun āĻāϰ āĻļেāώে ss āĻĨাāĻ•ে। āϝেāĻŽāύ: actress, princess, mistress, mattress āχāϤ্āϝাāĻĻি।

ā§§ā§­
Which one of the following words is an odd to the others?
[āϏোāύাāϞী āĻ“ āϜāύāϤা āĻŦ্āϝাংāĻ• (āĻ…āĻĢিāϏাāϰ, āφāχāϟি)-⧍ā§Ļ⧍ā§Ļ,
āĻŦাংāϞাāĻĻেāĻļ āĻŦেāϤাāϰেāϰ āϏāĻš-āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒাāĻĻāĻ• ⧍ā§Ļ⧧⧝, āϝুāĻŦ āωāύ্āύ⧟āύ āĻ…āϧিāĻĻāĻĒ্āϤāϰেāϰ āĻ•্āϝাāĻļি⧟াāϰ ⧍ā§Ļā§§ā§Ž]
A. Joey      B. Filly      C. Vixen       D. Calf
Ans:C
āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ–্āϝা :
āĻāĻ–াāύে Joey (āĻŦাāϚ্āϚা āĻ•্āϝাāĻ™্āĻ—াāϰু), Filly (āĻŦাāϚ্āϚা āϘো⧜া), Calf (āĻŦাāĻ›ুāϰ) āĻāĻ—ুāϞো āϜীāĻŦāϜāύ্āϤুāϰ āĻŦাāϚ্āϚাāĻ•াāϚ্āϚা āĻ•িāύ্āϤু Vixen āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে  mother animal āϝা offspring/āĻŦাāϚ্āϚা āĻĒ্āϰāϏāĻŦ āĻ•āϰে āϤাāχ Vixen āĻāĻĻেāϰ āĻĨেāĻ•ে āφāϞাāĻĻা (odd)
āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨাā§Ž āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ•āϟি Mother/Animal : Offspring

ā§§ā§Ž
"Howl" is the sound of -
[āĻĻুāĻĻāĻ•েāϰ āϏāĻšāĻ•াāϰী āĻĒāϰিāϚাāϞāĻ• -⧍ā§Ļ⧍ā§Ļ]
A. Apes (āωāϞ্āϞুāĻ•)    B. Dogs   C. Jackals   D. Tigers
Ans:C
āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύāĻ•āϰ্āϤা āϝেāĻ–াāύ āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύ āĻ•āϰেāĻ›ে āϏে āĻ…āύুāϏাāϰে āωāϤ্āϤāϰ Jackals, āϏেāĻ–াāύে Dogs āĻāϰ sound āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে bark āĻĻে⧟া।
( āϤāĻŦে BāĻ“ āϏāĻ িāĻ• āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে āϤা āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύāĻ•āϰ্āϤা āϜাāύāϤেāύ āύা)

P K De Sarkar āĻāϰ āĻ—্āϰ‍্āϝাāĻŽাāϰ āĻŦāĻ‡ā§Ÿে āĻāĻŦং āĻ…āύ্āϝ āϟ্āϰাāĻĄিāĻļāύাāϞ āĻ—্āϰ‍্āϝাāĻŽাāϰ āĻŦāĻ‡ā§Ÿে Jackals, Wolves āĻāϰ sound āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে howl āĻĻে⧟া āφāĻ›ে।
āĻ•িāύ্āϤু Cambridge Dictionary āϤে āĻŦāϞা āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে
If a dog or wolf howls, it makes a long, sad sound

⧧⧝
Some of the boys ------ did not come.
[MASTER āĻāϰ Clause āĻ…āϧ্āϝা⧟েāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύ]
A. I invited               B. whom I invited them
C. whose i invited   D. I invited them
Ans: A
āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ–্āϝা
Some of the boys (whom) I invited did not come.
(āϝাāĻĻেāϰāĻ•ে āĻĻাāĻ“ā§ŸাāϤ āĻĻি⧟েāĻ›িāϞাāĻŽ āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻ•িāĻ›ু āĻŦাāϞāĻ• āφāϏেāύি)
Some of the boys did not come. I invited them.
I invited = (whom) I invited
āĻāĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে whom āĻ•ে āωāĻš্āϝ āϰাāĻ–া āϝা⧟।
āĻŽূāϞ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύে b) āϤে whom I invited them āĻ›িāϞ āϝা āĻ­ুāϞ।
āϤāĻŦে Formal English āĻ whom I invited āĻ—্āϰāĻšāĻŖāϝোāĻ—্āϝ āφāϰ informal writing āĻāĻŦং spoken āĻ whom āĻĒ্āϰা⧟āĻļāχ āĻŦাāĻĻ āĻĻে⧟া āĻšā§Ÿ।
B. āϤে them āύা āĻĨাāĻ•āϞে āϏেāϟিāχ āϏāĻ িāĻ• āωāϤ্āϤāϰ āĻšāϤো।
āϜāύāϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨে: āĻŽাāϏ্āϟাāϰ āϜাāĻšাāĻ™্āĻ—ীāϰ āφāϞāĻŽ

⧍ā§Ļ
Verb form of "Number" is -- [RU E 12-13, 36th BCS]
A. Number
B. Enumerate
Ans : B

number āĻ•ে verb āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻ•āϰা āφāϰ number āĻāϰ verb form āĻāĻ• āĻŦিāώ⧟ āύ⧟।
break āĻāϰ noun āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে breach āĻ•িāύ্āϤু breach āύিāϜেāĻ“ verb āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।  sit āĻāϰ noun āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে seat āĻ•িāύ্āϤু seat āύিāϜেāĻ“ verb āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে। see āĻāϰ noun āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে sight āĻ•িāύ্āϤু sight āύিāϜেāĻ“ verb āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে। befool āĻāϰ noun āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে fool āĻ•িāύ্āϤু fool āύিāϜেāĻ“ verb āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।
āĻ—্āϰ‍্āϝাāĻŽাāϰāĻ—ুāϞোāϤে āĻĻেāĻ–ুāύ formation of words āĻ number āĻāϰ verb āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে enumerate āĻĻে⧟া āφāĻ›ে।
(A text book of higher English grammar by P K De Sarkar)
āϝেāĻŽāύ beauty āĻāϰ adjective form āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে beautiful
āφāĻŦাāϰ beauty āĻ•েāĻ“ adjective āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ।
beauty contest, beauty cream

⧍⧧
Anyone of you may take it. I don't care ----
A. who
B. whom
Ans:A
āĻāĻ–াāύে who (subject) āĻāĻŦং āĻŦাāĻ•ি āĻ…ংāĻļ āωāĻš্āϝ āϰাāĻ–া āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে।
Anyone of you may take it. I don't care who.
( = I don’t care who will take it.)

⧍⧍
The Sun is up. (āϏূāϰ্āϝ  āωāĻĒāϰে = āϏূāϰ্āϝ āωāĻ েāĻ›ে)
Here "up" is
A. Adjective   B. Adverb   C. Preposition  D. Noun
Ans:B
āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ–্āϝা :  āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύ āϏূāϰ্āϝ āĻ•োāĻĨা⧟? (Where is the Sun?)
āωāϤ্āϤāϰ: āωāĻĒāϰে (up)
āĻāĻ–াāύে up = in a high position, at the top
where āĻāϰ āωāϤ্āϤāϰ āϤাāχ adverb
Traditional grammar (P K De Sarkar) āĻāĻŦং Modern grammar/reference āĻ…āύুāϏাāϰে āĻāϟা adverb
(āĻ•িāύ্āϤু Merriam Webster dictionary āϤে āĻāĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে up āĻ•ে adjective āĻĻেāĻ–াāύো āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে)
āϏূāϰ্āϝ āωāĻ েāĻ›ে = The sun is up. = The sun has risen.
āĻ…āύুāϰূāĻĒ,
The heavens are above. (āϏ্āĻŦāϰ্āĻ— āωāĻĒāϰে)
Here "above" is-
A. Preposition   B. Adjective  C. Adverb  D. Noun
Ans:C
āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύ: āϏ্āĻŦāϰ্āĻ— āĻ•োāĻĨা⧟? (Where are the heavens?)
āωāϤ্āϤāϰ : āωāĻĒāϰে (above)
Where (āĻ•োāĻĨা⧟) āĻāϰ āωāϤ্āϤāϰ āϤাāχ adverb

ā§¨ā§Š
The mob - dispersed. (āωāϚ্āĻ›ৃāĻ™্āĻ–āϞ āϜāύāϤা āĻ›āϤ্āϰāĻ­āĻ™্āĻ— āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে)
A. has     B. is    C. are    D. have
āϏāĻ িāĻ• āωāϤ্āϤāϰ : A. has
āĻāĻ–াāύে have āĻ•িংāĻŦা are āĻšāĻŦে āύা। āĻĒāϰীāĻ•্āώা āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύāϟি āĻšুāĻŦুāĻšু āφāϏāϞে āĻāĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে āωāϤ্āϤāϰ has āχ āĻĻিāϤে āĻšāĻŦে।
āϰেāĻĢাāϰেāύ্āϏ : High School English Grammar - Wren & Martin āĻāĻŦং āϜাāĻŦিāϰ āφāχāĻŦিāĻāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύ ⧍ā§Ļā§§ā§§-⧧⧍
āύিāϚে āĻĻুāϟো āĻĒিāĻ•āϚাāϰ āĻĻি⧟ে āĻĒāϰিāώ্āĻ•াāϰ āĻ•āϰে āĻĻিāϞাāĻŽ
āφāĻŽাāϰ āωāϤ্āϤāϰ ā§§ā§Ļā§Ļ% āϏāĻ িāĻ•।
āφāϰ disperse āĻāĻ–াāύে active voice āĻāĻ“ āĻ িāĻ• āφāĻ›ে।
Oxford Advanced  Learner's Dictionary āϤে āϞেāĻ–া āφāĻ›ে "The crowd dispersed quickly."

⧍ā§Ē
The child sat mute in the corner of the park.
Here 'mute' is a/an
A. noun    B. adjective
C. adverb D. verb
āωāϤ্āϤāϰ : adjective (adverb āύ⧟)

āϰেāĻĢাāϰেāύ্āϏ : Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary
āĻāϰ mute (adjective) āĻāϰ āωāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖ āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝāϟি āĻĒ্āϰা⧟ āĻšুāĻŦুāĻšু āϏেāϟ āĻ•āϰা āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›িāϞ।

āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ–্āϝা : āĻ•āϤāĻ—ুāϞো verb āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে context āĻ­িāύ্āύāϤা⧟ adjective āĻ“ adverb āωāϭ⧟āχ āĻŦāϏāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।
He went home. (home is adverb)
He went mad. (mad is adjective)

The mother sat vigilantly beside the frightened child. (vigilantly is adverb)
The child sat mute in the corner of the room.
[mute āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে (predicative) adjective, mute āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝে adverb āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ āύা]
The box sat unopened on the shelf.
(unopened is adjective)

āϜāύāϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨে: āĻŽাāϏ্āϟাāϰ āϜাāĻšাāĻ™্āĻ—ীāϰ āφāϞāĻŽ
In the public interest : Master Jahangir Alam

============

āĻ—্āϰ‍্āϝাāĻŽাāϰে āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤāύāĻļীāϞāϤা!

Formal English āĻāĻŦং Traditional grammar āĻ To be verb āĻāϰ complement āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে Subjective pronoun āĻŦāϏে। āĻĒ্āϰা⧟āĻļāχ āĻāĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে āϤাāϰ āĻĒāϰে āĻāĻ•āϟা relative clause āĻĨাāĻ•ে।
I wish I were he. (him āύ⧟, P K DE SARKAR)
You didn't know that it was I who did it.
I'm not sure. It must have been she/he (her/him āύ⧟) at the door.
[āϤāĻŦে conversation āĻ her/him āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻ•āϰা āĻšā§Ÿ āĻ•িāύ্āϤু formal English āĻ he/she āĻĒ্āϰাāϧাāύ্āϝ āĻĒাāĻŦে (preferred)]
It was I who first raised the issue in the meeting.
It is we who are to blame. (us āύ⧟)
It is he whom the committee has chosen. (him āύ⧟)
It was she/he, not I who put forth the attractive proposition.
It was we who had left before he arrived.
It is he speaking.

āϝা āĻšোāĻ•, Modern standard English/grammar āĻ
to be verb āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে objective pronoun āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ।
āĻāĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে spoken āĻ objective pronoun āĻĒ্āϰāϚāϞিāϤ।
If anyone's to blame, it's me. (OALD)
A : Who is that/it? (āĻ•ে āϰে?/āĻ•ে āĻšে?)
[āĻĢোāύে āĻ•āĻĨা āĻŦāϞাāϰ āϏāĻŽā§Ÿ]
B: It's me.

X: Where's Rony?
Y: That's him over there.
(Ref: A Practical English Grammar by A J Thomson & A V Martinet)

From Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary
Hello, it's me. (OALD)
A: Who's there? 
B: It's me/Only me(OALD)

A: Who came first? (āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽে āĻ•ে āĻāϏেāĻ›ে?)
B: Me! (āφāĻŽি!)

From Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary :  
See if you can guess which one is me in my old school photo. (CALD)
It wasn't me who offered to go, It was Rocky.

āφāĻŦাāϰ, than āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে Formal English āĻ subject pronoun āĻŦāϏে। āĻāĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে than āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে conjunction
He is older than I.
(āĻāϟা āĻāĻ–āύ old-fashioned āĻāĻŦং much too formal)
He is taller than I am.
(Modern grammar āĻ…āύুāϏাāϰে āĻāϟাāχ āĻāĻ–āύ āĻĒ্āϰāϚāϞিāϤ)

āĻ•িāύ্āϤু Modern standard English āĻ āĻāĻŦং spoken English āĻ āĻĒ্āϰা⧟āχ objective pronoun āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ।
āĻāĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে than āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে preposition
You're taller than me. (OALD)
She's taller than him. (OALD)
I'm older than her. (OALD)
I'm taller than her, aren't I (OALD)
She is much taller than me. (CALD)
He's a couple of years older than me. (CALD)
āϜāύāϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨে: āĻŽাāϏ্āϟাāϰ āϜাāĻšাāĻ™্āĻ—ীāϰ āφāϞāĻŽ

==============

Make (one's) dream come true.
= āϏ্āĻŦāĻĒ্āύ āϏāϤ্āϝি āĻ•āϰা।
Through hard work, perseverance and unflinching  determination, I have made my dream come true. (āĻ•āĻ োāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻļ্āϰāĻŽ, āĻ…āϧ্āϝāĻŦāϏা⧟ āĻ“ āĻĻৃā§ āϏংāĻ•āϞ্āĻĒেāϰ āĻŽাāϧ্āϝāĻŽে āφāĻŽাāϰ āϏ্āĻŦāĻĒ্āύāĻ•ে āϏāϤ্āϝ āĻ•āϰেāĻ›ি)
He underwent through strenuous hard work. He made his dream come true. (āϏে āĻļ্āϰāĻŽāϏাāϧ্āϝ āĻ•āĻ োāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻļ্āϰāĻŽ āĻ•āϰāϞ। āϏে āϤাāϰ āϏ্āĻŦāĻĒ্āύāĻ•ে āϏāϤ্āϝি āĻ•āϰāϞো।)

A dream come true = āϏ্āĻŦāĻĒ্āύ āϏāϤ্āϝ āĻšāĻ“ā§Ÿা

If win, it will be a dream come true. (OALD, dream)
(āφāĻŽি āϜিāϤāϞে āĻāĻ•āϟা āϏ্āĻŦāĻĒ্āύ āϏāϤ্āϝি āĻšāĻŦে)
Winning the prize was a dream come true.
(āĻĒুāϰāϏ্āĻ•াāϰāϟি āϜেāϤা āĻŽাāύে āφāĻŽাāϰ āϏ্āĻŦāĻĒ্āύ āϏāϤ্āϝি āĻšāĻ“ā§Ÿা)
Meeting you is a dream come true for me.
(āϤোāĻŽাāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āϏাāĻ•্āώাā§Ž āĻ•āϰা āĻŽাāύে āĻāĻ•āϟা āϏ্āĻŦāĻĒ্āύ āϏāϤ্āϝি āĻšāĻ“ā§Ÿা)
An incredible series win for Bangladesh by crushing the pride of mighty Australia is a dream come true.
(āĻļāĻ•্āϤিāĻļাāϞী āĻ…āϏ্āϟ্āϰেāϞি⧟াāϰ āĻĻāϰ্āĻĒ āϚূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻ•āϰে āĻŦাংāϞাāĻĻেāĻļেāϰ āĻāĻ• āĻ…āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦাāϏ্āϝ āϏিāϰিāϜ āϜ⧟ āĻāĻ•āϟা āϏ্āĻŦāĻĒ্āύ āϏāϤ্āϝি āĻšāĻ“ā§Ÿা।)

I will help you to make your dream - true.
(āϤোāĻŽাāϰ āϏ্āĻŦāĻĒ্āύ āϏāϤ্āϝি āĻ•āϰāϤে āϏাāĻšাāϝ্āϝ āĻ•āϰāĻŦ)
[āϏুāύ্āĻĻāϰāĻŦāύ āĻ—্āϝাāϏ āĻ•োāĻŽ্āĻĒাāύি āϞিāĻŽিāϟেāĻĄ (āĻāϏিāϏ্āϟ্āϝাāύ্āϟ āĻ•ো-āĻ…āϰ্āĻĄিāύেāĻļāύ āĻ…āĻĢিāϏাāϰ ⧍ā§Ļ⧍ā§Ļ]
A. seem   B. grow  C. turn  D. come
Ans:D

Winning the competition was a dream -- true for me.
[CU B2 2015-16]
I will make your dreams - true. [CU C1 2010-11]
(āφāĻŽি āϤোāĻŽাāϰ āϏ্āĻŦāĻĒ্āύāĻ—ুāϞো āϏāϤ্āϝি āĻ•āϰāĻŦ)
A. seem       B. grow  
C. come       D. become
Ans:C

I hope your dream --- true. [CU B1 19-20]
(āφāĻļা āĻ•āϰি āϤোāĻŽাāϰ āϏ্āĻŦāĻĒ্āύ āϏāϤ্āϝি āĻšāĻŦে)
A. comes     B. seems
C. looks       D. turns
Ans:A

Wipe (āĻŽোāĻ›া, āĻŽুāĻ›ে āĻĒāϰিāώ্āĻ•াāϰ āĻ•āϰা)
Don't wipe your nose on your sleeve.
(āϤোāĻŽাāϰ āϜাāĻŽাāϰ āĻšাāϤা⧟ āύাāĻ• āĻŽুāĻ›ো āύা)
Wipe your feet on the mat before you come inside.
(āĻ­িāϤāϰে āφāϏাāϰ āφāĻ—ে āϤোāĻŽাāϰ āĻĒাāĻ—ুāϞো āĻŽ্āϝাāϟে/āĻŽাāĻĻুāϰে āĻŽুāĻ›ো)

āϜāύāϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨে: āĻŽাāϏ্āϟাāϰ āϜাāĻšাāĻ™্āĻ—ীāϰ āφāϞāĻŽ

===============

All = the only thing & Gone as adjective

1. All we are asking for is a decent quality of life.
āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝāϟি āϏāĻ িāĻ•। āĻ•াāϰāĻŖ, āĻāĻ–াāύে All = the only thing
All āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে that āωāĻš্āϝ āφāĻ›ে।
All ( = the only thing) is a decent quality of life.
We are asking for that. āĻāχ āĻĻুāϟো āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝেāϰ āϏāĻŽāύ্āĻŦ⧟ে āωāĻĒāϰেāϰ āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝāϟি āĻ—āĻ িāϤ āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে।
All (that) we are asking for is a decent quality of life.
= āĻāĻ•āĻŽাāϤ্āϰ āϜিāύিāϏ āϝা āφāĻŽāϰা āϚাāϚ্āĻ›ি āϤা āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে āϝāĻĨোāĻĒāϝুāĻ•্āϤ āĻŽাāύāϏāĻŽ্āĻŽāϤ āϜীāĻŦāύ। 
āĻ…āύুāϰূāĻĒ :
All we want now is the mercy of Allah.
(āĻāĻ•āĻŽাāϤ্āϰ āϜিāύিāϏ āĻāĻ–āύ āφāĻŽāϰা āϝা āϚাāχ āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে āφāϞ্āϞাāĻšāϰ āϰāĻšāĻŽāϤ)
All I want is peace and quiet.
(āĻāĻ•āĻŽাāϤ্āϰ āϜিāύিāϏ āϝা āφāĻŽি āϚাāχ āϤা āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে āĻļাāύ্āϤি āĻ“ āύিāϰāĻŦāϤা)

All I have eaten today is a sandwich.
(āφāϜāĻ•ে āĻ–ে⧟েāĻ›ি āĻāĻ•āĻŽাāϤ্āϰ āϜিāύিāϏ āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে āĻāĻ•āϟা āϏ্āϝাāύāωāχāϚ)

2. He has been gone a long time.
āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝāϟি āϏāĻ িāĻ•। āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝāϟি passive voice āύ⧟। āĻāχ āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝে gone āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে adjective āĻ•েāω āĻ•োāύো āϏ্āĻĨাāύ āĻĨেāĻ•ে āϚāϞে āĻ—েāĻ›ে āĻŦুāĻাāϤে gone āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ। āφāϰ a long time āĻāϰ āφāĻ—ে for āĻ•ে āωāĻš্āϝ āϰাāĻ–া āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে।
He has been gone (for) a long time.
(āϏে āϚāϞে āĻ—ি⧟ে āĻ…āύেāĻ•āĻ•্āώāĻŖ āĻšā§Ÿে āĻ—েāĻ›ে)
āĻ…āύুāϰূāĻĒ :
He was gone before I arrived.
(āφāĻŽি āĻĒৌঁāĻ›াāύোāϰ āφāĻ—েāχ āϏে āϚāϞে āĻ—ি⧟েāĻ›িāϞ)
My family has been gone about two months.
(āφāĻŽাāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦাāϰ āϚāϞে āĻ—ি⧟ে āĻĒ্āϰা⧟ āĻĻুāχ āĻŽাāϏ āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে)
āϜāύāϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨে: āĻŽাāϏ্āϟাāϰ āϜাāĻšাāĻ™্āĻ—ীāϰ āφāϞāĻŽ

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āĻ•āϰ্āĻŽেāϰ āĻŽাāϧ্āϝāĻŽে āĻļ্āϰেāώ্āĻ āϤ্āĻŦ āĻĒ্āϰāĻŽাāĻŖিāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ।

ā§§। āϏে āĻĻেāĻ–āϤে āϤাāϰ āĻŦাāĻŦাāϰ āĻŽāϤো। (ā§§ā§Ē āϟি āχংāϰেāϜি āĻ…āύুāĻŦাāĻĻ)
He takes after his father.
He resembles his father.
He looks like his father.
He and his father look alike.
He is like his father.
He and his father are alike.
He is similar in appearance to his father.
He and his father are similar in appearance.
He and his father look similar.
He looks the same as his father.
His father and he have got the same appearance.
He bears a resemblance to his father.
He bears a likeness to his father.
He bears a similarity to his father.

⧍। āĻŦāχāϟা āĻŦেāĻļ āĻ•াāϟāĻ›ে। (ā§Ē āϟি āĻ…āύুāĻŦাāĻĻ)
1. The book is selling well.
Or, The book sells well.
2. The book is going/selling like hot cakes.
Or, The book goes/sells like hot cakes.
3. The book is in great demand.
4. The book has a good sale.

ā§Š। āϏে āϤিāύ āĻŦāĻ›āϰেāϰ āĻŦাāϞāĻ•। (ā§Ē āϟি āĻ…āύুāĻŦাāĻĻ)
1. He is a boy of three.
2. He is a three-year old boy.
3. He is a boy of three years of age.
4. He is a boy three years old.

ā§Ē। āϏে āĻāĻ• āĻ•āĻĨাāϰ āĻŽাāύুāώ। (āϤিāύāϟি āĻ…āύুāĻŦাāĻĻ)
1. He is man of his word.
2. He is true to his word.
3. He is as good as his word.

ā§Ģ। āφāĻŽাāϰ āĻŦ⧟āϏ ⧍ā§Ļ āĻŦāĻ›āϰ। (ā§Ēāϟি āĻ…āύুāĻŦাāĻĻ)
I am twenty.
I am twenty years old.
I am twenty years of age.
I am a twenty-year-old.

ā§Ŧ। āϤাāϰ āĻ•āĻĨা⧟ āĻāĻ• āĻŦিāύ্āĻĻু/āĻŦিāύ্āĻĻুāĻŽাāϤ্āϰ āϏāϤ্āϝ āύেāχ।  (ā§Ģāϟি)
There is not an iota of truth in what she/he says.
There is not a/one grain of truth in what she/he says.
There is not a particle of truth in what she/he says.
There is not a scintilla of truth in what she/he says.
There is not a/one jot of truth in what she/he says.

ā§­। āĻ•āϞāĻŽāϟি āφāĻŽাāϰ। (ā§Ēāϟি)
The pen belongs to me.
I am the owner of the pen.
I own the pen.
The pen is mine.

ā§Ž। āϏুāĻŽāύেāϰা ā§Ē āĻ­াāχ। (ā§Ēāϟি)
Sumon has three brothers.
Sumon has three siblings. (siblings = āĻ­াāχ āĻŦা āĻŦোāύ)
("āϏুāĻŽāύেāϰা āϚাāϰ āĻ­াāχāĻŦোāύ" āĻŦāϞāϞে āĻāϟাāχ āĻšāĻŦে)
Sumon and his brothers are four in number.
Sumon's parents have got four sons.

⧝। āĻāĻ–āύ āύাāĻŽাāϜেāϰ āϏāĻŽā§Ÿ āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে। (ā§Ē āϟি)
It is time for prayer.
The time has come for prayer.
It is time to say prayer.
āωāĻĒāϰেāϰ āϤিāύāϟিāϤেāχ now āĻšāĻŦে āύা। āĻ•াāϰāĻŖ, it is time āĻ•িংāĻŦা
The time has come āĻŽাāύেāχ āĻāĻ–āύ āϏāĻŽā§Ÿ āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে।
āϤāĻŦে āĻāĻ­াāĻŦেāĻ“ āĻ•āϰা āϝা⧟
Now is the time for prayer.

ā§§ā§Ļ। āϏāĻŽā§Ÿ āĻĻ্āϰুāϤ āϚāϞে āϝা⧟। (ā§Ēāϟি)
Time flies.
Time goes by so quickly.
Time passes (by) so quickly.
Time trips by on rosy wings

ā§§ā§§। āϏে āφāĻŽাāϰ āϚে⧟ে āĻĻুāχ āĻŦāĻ›āϰেāϰ āĻŦ⧜। (ā§­āϟি)
He is senior to me by two years.
He is my senior by two years.
He is two years senior to me.
He is two years my senior.
He two years older than I (am).
He is older than me by two years.
He two years older than me.
āϤāĻŦে āφāĻĒāύ āĻ­াāχ-āĻŦোāύ āĻšāϞে elder (elder than āĻ­ুāϞ)
He is my elder by two years.
I am his elder by two years.

⧧⧍। āϏে āφāĻŽাāϰ āϚে⧟ে āĻĻুāχ āĻŦāĻ›āϰেāϰ āĻ›োāϟ। (ā§Ŧāϟি)
He is junior to me by two years.
He is my junior by two years.
He is two years my junior.
He is two years younger than I am.
He is younger than me by two years.
He is two years younger than me.

ā§§ā§Š। āĻ…āϤি āĻĻāϰ্āĻĒে āĻšāϤ āϞংāĻ•া/āĻ…āĻšংāĻ•াāϰ āĻĒāϤāύেāϰ āĻŽূāϞ।
Pride goes before destruction.
Pride goes before a fall.
Pride comes before a fall.

ā§§ā§Ē। āϤুāĻŽি āĻ•ি āĻ•āĻ–āύো āĻŦিāĻĻেāĻļে āĻ—ি⧟েāĻ›? (ā§Šāϟি)
Have you ever been abroad?
Have you ever been to a foreign country?
Have you ever visited abroad?

ā§§ā§Ģ। āĻ—াāĻ›āϟিāϤে āĻĢুāϞ āϧāϰেāĻ›ে। (ā§­ āϟি āĻ…āύুāĻŦাāĻĻ)
The tree is in flower. (flowers āύ⧟)
The tree has come into flower. (flowers āύ⧟)
The tree is in bloom.
The tree is in blossom.
The tree has bloomed.
The tree has blossomed.
The tree has flowered.
The tree has produced flowers.

ā§§ā§Ŧ। āĻ—াāĻ›āϟিāϤে āĻĢāϞ āϧāϰেāĻ›ে। (ā§Ģ āϟি āĻ…āύুāĻŦাāĻĻ)
The tree has borne fruit.
The tree is in fruit.
The tree has fruited.
The tree has produced fruit.
The tree has fruit growing on it.

ā§§ā§­। āφāĻŽি āϤাāĻ•ে āĻ…āύেāĻ• āĻĻিāύ āϧāϰে āĻĻেāĻ–িāύি। (ā§Š āϟি āĻ…āύুāĻŦাāĻĻ)
I haven’t seen him for a long time.
I haven’t seen him for long.
I haven’t seen for a while.
for a long time/for long /for a while = āĻ…āύেāĻ• āĻĻিāύ āϧāϰে।

āϜāύāϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨে: āĻŽাāϏ্āϟাāϰ āϜাāĻšাāĻ™্āĻ—ীāϰ āφāϞāĻŽ

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āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤāύāĻ—ুāϞো āϜেāύে āϰাāĻ–া āĻĻāϰāĻ•াāϰ।
āĻ­াāώাāϰ āĻĒ্āϰাāĻŖ āύেāχ āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻ­াāώা āĻ—āϤিāĻļীāϞ āĻŦা āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤāύāĻļীāϞ।

Traditional grammar āĻ āϜāύ্āĻŽāĻ—্āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϰা āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨে be verb+ born in (a family āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা come of (a family) āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšāϤো। āϤāĻŦে āĻāĻ–āύো āĻāĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে āĻ•োāĻĨাāĻ“ āĻ•োāĻĨাāĻ“ come of, born in āĻāϰ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻĻেāĻ–া āϝা⧟।

He comes of a good family. (TG)
He was born in a poverty-stricken/poor/rich family.
Vyjanthimala was born in a Tamil Iyengar Bramin family. (Wikipedia)

āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻāĻ–āύ Modern grammar āĻ āϜāύ্āĻŽāĻ—্āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϰা āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨে
be verb + born into (a family) āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ।
āφāĻĒāύাāϰা āĻāĻ–āύ āĻāĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে come from, born into āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻŦেāύ। āĻāϰাāχ āĻāĻ–āύ āĻŦāĻšুāϞ āĻĒ্āϰāϚāϞিāϤ āĻāĻŦং āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ।

Maradona was born into a poor family. (MG)
Dilip Kumar was born into an Awan family as Mohammad Yousuf Khan. (Wikipedia)
He comes of a good family. (MG)

Diana was born into an aristocratic family. (CALD)
She was born into a very musical family. (OALD)

Correct the following sentence. [34th BCS (Written)]
A) Maradona was born in a poor family.
Ans: Maradona was born into a poor family.

āϜāύāϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨে: āĻŽাāϏ্āϟাāϰ āϜাāĻšাāĻ™্āĻ—ীāϰ āφāϞāĻŽ

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āϜেāύে āϰাāĻ–ুāύ, āĻ•াāϜে āφāϏāĻŦে।

āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝে One ----- one's āĻĨাāĻ•āϞে one, one's āĻāϰ āĻ…āύুāĻŦাāĻĻ āĻ•āϰāϤে āĻšā§Ÿ āύা āĻāĻŦং passive voice āĻ āωāĻ ে āϝা⧟।
One should obey one's parents.
= Parents should be obeyed.
(āĻĒিāϤাāĻŽাāĻ•ে āĻŽাāύ্āϝ āĻ•āϰা āωāϚিāϤ/āĻĒিāϤাāĻŽাāϤাāϰ āĻ•āĻĨা āĻŽেāύে āϚāϞা āωāϚিāϤ) 
One should keep one's promises.
= Promises should be kept.
(āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻļ্āϰুāϤি/āĻ“ā§ŸাāĻĻা āĻĒাāϞāύ āĻ•āϰা āωāϚিāϤ)
One should take care of one's health.
= Health should be taken care of.
(āϏ্āĻŦাāϏ্āĻĨ্āϝেāϰ āϝāϤ্āύ āύে⧟া āωāϚিāϤ) 
One should not neglect one's duty.
(āĻ•াāϜে āĻ…āĻŦāĻšেāϞা āĻ•āϰা āωāϚিāϤ āύ⧟)
One shouldn’t give one's opinion unasked.
(āĻ…āϝাāϚিāϤ āĻŽāϤাāĻŽāϤ āĻĻে⧟া āωāϚিāϤ āύ⧟)
One must not boast of one's own success.
(āύিāϜেāϰ āϏাāĻĢāϞ্āϝ āύি⧟ে āĻ—āϰ্āĻŦ āĻ•āϰা āĻ…āĻŦāĻļ্āϝāχ āωāϚিāϤ āύ⧟)

āϏāĻŽā§Ÿেāϰ āϏāĻĻ্āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻ•āϰা āωāϚিāϤ। [āϚāĻŦি āĻĄি ⧍ā§Ļ⧧⧍]
A. Time should used best.
B. Time should be spent well.
C. One should kill one's time well.
D. One should make the best use of one's time.
Ans:D
āϜāύāϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨে: Master Jahangir Alam

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āĻ–ুāĻŦ āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ, āϜেāύে āϰাāĻ–ুāύ।

āϚিā§Ž, āĻ•াāϤ, āωāĻĒু⧜ āĻŦুāĻাāϞে on āĻšāĻŦে।

Do you sleep on your back or on your front (āĻĢ্āϰাāύ্āϟ)?
(āϤুāĻŽি āϚিā§Ž āĻšā§Ÿে āύাāĻ•ি āωāĻĒু⧜ āĻšā§Ÿে āϘুāĻŽাāĻ“?)
He was lying on his side. (āϏে āĻ•াāϤ āĻšā§Ÿে āĻļু⧟ে āĻ›িāϞ)
He is lying on his right side.
(āϏে āĻĄাāύ āĻ•াāϤ āĻšā§Ÿে āĻļু⧟ে āφāĻ›ে)
He is lying on his left side.
(āϏে āĻŦাāĻŽ āĻ•াāϤ āĻšā§Ÿে āĻļু⧟ে āφāĻ›ে)
He is lying on his back, staring (up) at the ceiling.
[āϏে (āϏোāϜা āωāĻĒāϰে) āϏিāϞিং⧟েāϰ āĻĻিāĻ•ে āϤাāĻ•ি⧟ে āϚিā§Ž āĻšā§Ÿে āĻļু⧟ে āφāĻ›ে]
He is lying on his front.
(āϏে āωāĻĒু⧜ āĻšā§Ÿে āĻļু⧟ে āφāĻ›ে)

āĻāĻ•্āώেāϤ্āϰে āĻĒেāϟে āĻ­āϰ āĻĻি⧟ে āĻŦুāĻাāϤে on (one's) stomach āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ।
Lie on your stomach with your arms by your side.
The doctor asked him to lie down on his stomach.
I lay on my stomach on the beach.

āφāϰāĻ“ āϜেāύে āϰাāĻ–ুāύ।
āĻ•াāϚ āϞেāĻ—ে āϤাāϰ āφāĻ™ুāϞ āĻ•েāϟেāĻ›ে।
He cut his finger on a piece of glass.

āφāĻŽি āĻ›োāϟ্āϟ āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻ•াāĻ—āϜে āϞিāĻ–েāĻ›িāϞাāĻŽ।
I wrote on a small piece of paper.

āφāĻŽি āĻļীāϘ্āϰāχ āĻĢিāϰে āφāϏāĻŦ/āĻĢিāϰে āφāϏāĻ›ি/āĻĢিāϰāĻ›ি।
I will be right back/ I will be right with you ( = I will return very soon).

āφāϰāĻ“ āϜেāύে āϰাāĻ–ুāύ,
āĻ–াāϞি āĻĒেāϟে āĻŦুāĻাāϞে on an empty stomach āĻāĻŦং āĻ­āϰা āĻĒেāϟে āĻŦুāĻাāϞে on a full stomach āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ (in āύ⧟)
You will take this medicine on an empty stomach.
Never go swimming on a full stomach.
You shouldn’t go to work on an empty stomach.
You shouldn’t exercise on a full stomach.

āĻ•িāύ্āϤু stomach āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা āĻĻেāĻšেāϰ āϏাāĻŽāύেāϰ āĻ…ংāĻļে (āĻŦুāĻ•েāϰ āύিāϚেāϰ āĻ…ংāĻļে) āĻŦুāĻাāϞে in the stomach āĻŦāϏে।
He punched me in the stomach.
The attacker kicked him in the stomach.
He was stabbed in the stomach during a street brawl.
āϜāύāϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨে: āĻŽাāϏ্āϟাāϰ āϜাāĻšাāĻ™্āĻ—ীāϰ āφāϞāĻŽ

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'āϏāĻŽā§Ÿ āĻ•াāϟে āύা' āĻŦāύাāĻŽ 'āϏāĻŽā§Ÿ āĻĻ্āϰুāϤ āĻ•াāϟে'।

Time flies. /Time trips by on rosy wings.
= āϏāĻŽā§Ÿ āĻ–ুāĻŦ āĻĻ্āϰুāϤ āĻ…āϤিāĻŦাāĻšিāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ/āĻ•েāϟে āϝা⧟/āϚāϞে āϝা⧟।

Times flies/trips by on rosy wings when we are having fun/we are enjoying ourselves.
(āĻŽāϜা āĻ•āϰাāϰ āϏāĻŽā§Ÿ āϏāĻŽā§Ÿ āĻĻ্āϰুāϤ āϚāϞে āϝা⧟।)

Trip by on rosy wings = āĻ—োāϞাāĻĒি āĻĒাāĻ–া⧟ āĻ­্āϰāĻŽāĻŖ āĻ•āϰা
= āĻ–ুāĻŦ āĻĻ্āϰুāϤ āĻ…āϤিāĻŦাāĻšিāϤ āĻšāĻ“ā§Ÿা/āĻĻ্āϰুāϤ āϚāϞে āϝাāĻ“ā§Ÿা /āĻĻ্āϰুāϤ āĻ•েāϟে āϝাāĻ“ā§Ÿা
Two hours tripped by on rosy wings while we were talking on the phone. (āφāĻŽāϰা āĻĢোāύে āĻ•āĻĨা āĻŦāϞাāϰ āϏāĻŽā§Ÿ āĻ–ুāĻŦ āĻĻ্āϰুāϤ āĻĻুāχ āϘāύ্āϟা āϏāĻŽā§Ÿ āĻ•েāϟে āĻ—েāϞ)

Time has flown since the holiday began.
(āĻ›ুāϟি āĻļুāϰু āĻšāĻŦাāϰ āĻĒāϰ āϏāĻŽā§Ÿ āĻ–ুāĻŦ āĻĻ্āϰুāϤ āϚāϞে/āĻ•েāϟে āĻ—েāĻ›ে)

How time flies! (āϏāĻŽā§Ÿ āĻ•āϤ āĻĻ্āϰুāϤ āϚāϞে āϝা⧟!)
I've got to go now. (āφāĻŽাāĻ•ে āĻāĻ–āύ āϝেāϤে āĻšāĻŦে)

Time hangs heavy = āϏāĻŽā§Ÿ āĻ•াāϟāϤে āϚা⧟ āύা, āϏāĻŽā§Ÿ āĻ–ুāĻŦ āϧীāϰāĻ—āϤিāϤে āĻ…āϤিāĻŦাāĻšিāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ।
Time hangs heavy on me sitting idle at home.
(āĻŦা⧜িāϤে āĻ…āϞāϏ āĻŦāϏে āĻŦāϏে āφāĻŽাāϰ āϏāĻŽā§Ÿ āĻ•াāϟāϤে āϚা⧟ āύা)

āϜāύāϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨে: āĻŽাāϏ্āϟাāϰ āϜাāĻšাāĻ™্āĻ—ীāϰ āφāϞāĻŽ

===============

āϏāĻ িāĻ• āϜাāύুāύ।
'He is growing up'- āĻāϰ āĻ…āύুāĻŦাāĻĻ āĻšāϞো
[āĻĒāϰিāĻŦাāϰ āĻ•āϞ্āϝাāĻŖ āĻĒāϰিāĻĻāϰ্āĻļিāĻ•া āĻĒ্āϰāĻļিāĻ•্āώāĻŖাāϰ্āĻĨী ⧍ā§Ļā§§ā§Š]
A. āϏে āĻ—াāĻ›ে āωāĻ āĻ›ে।
B. āϏে āωāĻĒāϰে āωāĻ āĻ›ে।
C. āϏে āĻŦ⧜ āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে।
D. āϏে āωāϤ্āϤāϰোāϤ্āϤāϰ āωāύ্āύāϤি āĻ•āϰāĻ›ে।
āϏāĻ িāĻ• āωāϤ্āϤāϰ C. He is growing up. = āϏে āĻŦ⧜ āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে।
āϜāĻŦ āϏāϞুāĻļāύে āωāϤ্āϤāϰ āĻ­ুāϞ āĻĻে⧟া āφāĻ›ে ("āϏে āωāϤ্āϤāϰোāϤ্āϤāϰ āωāύ্āύāϤি āĻ•āϰāĻ›ে" āĻĻে⧟া āφāĻ›ে)

A text book of advanced functional English by Mohiuddin & Kashem
āĻŦ⧜ āĻšāϞে āϤুāĻŽি āϏāĻŦ āĻŦুāĻāϤে āĻĒাāϰāĻŦে।
You will understand everything when you will grow up.
(āĻāĻ–াāύে āĻŦাāĻ•্āϝāϟি āĻ­ুāϞ āφāĻ›ে। āϏāĻ িāĻ• āĻšāĻŦে- --- when you grow up. āĻ•াāϰāĻŖ  Future indefinite + when + present indefinite tense)
Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary āĻĨেāĻ•ে-
grow up = to develop into an adult
āĻŦ⧜ āĻšāĻ“ā§Ÿা, āĻĒ্āϰাāĻĒ্āϤāĻŦ⧟āϏ্āĻ• āĻšāĻ“ā§Ÿা।
Their children have all grown up and left home now. (OALD)

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary āĻĨেāĻ•ে-
Grow up = to gradually become an adult
I grew up in Scotland. (CALD)
Taking responsibility for yourself is part of the process of growing up. (CALD)

He wants to be a pilot when he grows up. (OALD)
(āϏে āĻŦ⧜ āĻšā§Ÿে āĻĒাāχāϞāϟ āĻšāϤে āϚা⧟)
She wants to be a doctor when she grows up. (CALD)
(āϏে āĻŦ⧜ āĻšā§Ÿে āĻĄাāĻ•্āϤাāϰ āĻšāϤে āϚা⧟)
He is going to be a dentist when he grows up.
(T&M, 204)
āϜāύāϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨে: āĻŽাāϏ্āϟাāϰ āϜাāĻšাāĻ™্āĻ—ীāϰ āφāϞāĻŽ

=============

āφāϏুāύ āϜেāύে āύিāχ āĻ•িāĻ›ু āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ translation

ā§§। āĻ•āĻĨা āĻļোāύাāϰ āĻ›েāϞে āϤুāĻŽি āύা/āϞোāĻ• āφāĻĒāύি āύা।
āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা, āĻŦুāĻাāϞেāĻ“ āϤুāĻŽি āĻŦুāĻāϤে āϚাāĻ“ āύা।
āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা, āĻŦুāĻাāϞেāĻ“ āφāĻĒāύি āĻŦুāĻāϤে āϚাāύ āύা।
You are not amenable to reason.

⧍। āĻ­াāχ āĻ­াāχ āĻ াঁāχ āĻ াঁāχ।/āĻ­াāĻ‡ā§Ÿে āĻ­াāĻ‡ā§Ÿে āĻŦিāϚ্āĻ›েāĻĻ āĻšāĻŦেāχ।
Brothers will part.

ā§Š। āϏে āφāύāύ্āĻĻে āφāϤ্āύāĻšাāϰা āĻšā§Ÿে āĻ—েāϞ।
āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦা, āϏে āφāύāύ্āĻĻে āωāϚ্āĻ›্āĻŦāϏিāϤ āĻ›িāϞ।
He was beside himself with joy.
āĻŦিāϏিāĻāϏ āĻĒ্āϰিāϞিāĻŽিāύাāϰি āĻĒāϰীāĻ•্āώা āĻĒাāĻļেāϰ āĻ–āĻŦāϰ āĻļুāύে āϏে āφāύāύ্āĻĻে āĻ‰ā§ŽāĻĢুāϞ্āϞ āĻšā§Ÿে āωāĻ āϞো। 
He was beside himself with joy on learning about his success at the BCS preliminary examination.

ā§Ē। āϤাāϰ āφāύāύ্āĻĻ āφāϰ āϧāϰে āύা।
He is beside himself with joy.
Or, His joy knows no bounds.
āĻĒুāϤ্āϰেāϰ āĻŦিāϏিāĻāϏ āĻĒāϰীāĻ•্āώা⧟ āϏাāĻĢāϞ্āϝেāϰ āϏংāĻŦাāĻĻে āĻ­āĻĻ্āϰāϞোāĻ•āϟিāϰ āφāύāύ্āĻĻেāϰ āϏীāĻŽা āϰāχāϞ āύা।
At the news of his son's success at BCS examination, the joy of the gentleman knew no bounds.

āϤাāϰ āĻĻুঃāĻ–েāϰ āϏীāĻŽা āύেāχ।
His sorrows know no bounds.

ā§Ģ। āϤিāύি āϰাāĻ—ে āĻ—āϰ āĻ—āϰ āĻ•āϰāĻ›েāύ।
He is boiling with rage.

āϤিāύি āϰেāĻ—ে āωāĻ āϞেāύ।
He flew (āĻĢ্āϞু) into a rage.

āĻāχ āĻ•āĻĨা āĻļুāύে/āĻļোāύাāĻŽাāϤ্āϰ āϤিāύি āϚāϟে/āϰেāĻ—ে āωāĻ āϞেāύ।
On hearing that, he flew into a rage.

ā§Ŧ। āϝেāϤে āĻĒাāϰি āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻ•েāύ āϝাāĻŦ?
    I can go, but why should I?

ā§­। āϏে āφāĻŽাāϰ āφāĻĒāύ/āύিāϜেāϰ āĻ­াāχ।
   He is my own brother.
  āϏে āφāĻŽাāϰ āφāĻĒāύ/āύিāϜেāϰ āĻŦোāύ।
  She is my own sister.
  āϏে āφāĻŽাāϰ āφāĻĒāύ/āύিāϜেāϰ āĻŽা।
  She is my own mother.
  āϤিāύি āφāĻŽাāϰ āύিāϜেāϰ/āφāĻĒāύ āĻŦাāĻŦা।
  He is my own father.

ā§Ž। āϏāĻŦাāϰ āωāĻĒāϰে āĻŽাāύুāώ āϏāϤ্āϝ āϤাāĻšাāϰ āωāĻĒāϰে āύাāχ।
    Man is the measure of all things.

⧝। āϏে āĻŦ⧜ āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে।
   He is growing up.

ā§§ā§Ļ। āϤাāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āφāĻŽাāϰ āϏুāϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ• āύাāχ।
      I am not on good terms with him. (in āύ⧟)

āϤাāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āφāĻŽাāϰ āĻ•āĻĨাāĻŦাāϰ্āϤা āĻšā§Ÿ āύা/āφāĻŽি āϤাāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āĻ•āĻĨা āĻŦāϞি āύা।
I am not on speaking terms with him.

ā§§ā§§। āϏুāĻ–ী āĻšāĻ“।  May you be happy.
       āϏāĻĢāϞ āĻšāĻ“। May you be successful.

⧧⧍। āφāĻŽাāϰ āĻ–ুāĻŦ āĻŽাāĻĨা āϧāϰেāĻ›ে।
     I have a bad headache.

ā§§ā§Š। āĻĒাāĻ•া āφāĻŽ āĻ–েāϤে/āϏ্āĻŦাāĻĻে āĻŽিāώ্āϟি।
       A ripe (āϰাāχāĻĒ) mango is sweet to the taste.
       Or, Ripe mangoes taste sweet.

      āĻ•াঁāϚা āφāĻŽ āĻ–েāϤে āϟāĻ• āϞাāĻ—ে।
      A green mango is sour to the taste.
      Green mangoes taste sour.

       āĻĢāϞāϟি āĻ–েāϤে/āϏ্āĻŦাāĻĻে āĻŽিāώ্āϟি।
       The fruit is sweet to the taste.

ā§§ā§Ē। āϤিāύি āύাāĻŽāĻ•āϰা āϞোāĻ•।
      He is a man of repute.
     (TG āĻ…āύুāϏাāϰে a reputed man āύ⧟)

ā§§ā§Ģ। āϏে āϤোāĻŽাāϰ/āφāĻĒāύাāϰ āĻ•ে āĻšā§Ÿ?
      What is he/she to you?

ā§§ā§Ŧ। āϏে āϤোāĻŽাāϰ āĻ•াāύে āĻ•াāύে āĻ•ি āĻŦāϞāϞ?
       What did he whisper in/into your ears?
  Or, What did he whisper to you?

āϜāύāϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨে: āĻŽাāϏ্āϟাāϰ āϜাāĻšাāĻ™্āĻ—ীāϰ āφāϞāĻŽ

https://www.englishgrammarsite.com/2020/08/effective-sentence.html
https://www.englishgrammarsite.com/2022/03/all-about-completing-sentences.html
https://www.englishgrammarsite.com/2020/12/rules-of-changing-voice-active-to-passive.html
https://www.bcspedia.com/2022/03/for-those-44th-bcs-is-1st-bcs.html

https://www.bcspedia.com/2022/03/gaza-strip-and-west-bank-of-palestine.html

đŸ…ģ🅰🅱🅴đŸ…ģ🆂


āĻŦাংāϞাāĻĻেāĻļ āĻŦিāώāϝ়াāĻŦāϞি

āĻŦাংāϞা āĻ­াāώা āĻ“ āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝ

āĻ—াāĻŖিāϤিāĻ• āϝুāĻ•্āϤি

āχংāϰেāϜি āĻ­াāώা āĻ“ āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝ

āĻ­াāχāĻ­া āĻŦোāϰ্āĻĄ

āĻŦিāĻ­িāύ্āύ āĻĒāϰীāĻ•্āώাāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύ āĻ“ āϏāĻŽাāϧাāύ

āĻĒāϰাāĻŽāϰ্āĻļ V. V. V. I.

āĻ­ূāĻ—োāϞ (āĻŦাংāϞাāĻĻেāĻļ āĻ“ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦ) āĻĒāϰিāĻŦেāĻļ āĻ“ āĻĻুāϰ্āϝোāĻ— āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāϏ্āĻĨাāĻĒāύা

āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ āĻŦিāϜ্āĻžাāύ

āĻš্āϝাāύ্āĻĄāύোāϟ āĻāĻŦং āϤāĻĨ্āϝāĻŦāĻšুāϞ āϚিāϤ্āϰ

āφāύ্āϤāϰ্āϜাāϤিāĻ•

āϜাāϤীāϝ়

āĻĒāϰাāĻŽāϰ্āĻļ

āĻĒাঁāϚāĻŽিāĻļাāϞী āϤāĻĨ্āϝ + āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ āϜ্āĻžাāύ

āĻŦাংāϞা āĻŦ্āϝাāĻ•āϰāĻŖ

āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ āϜ্āĻžাāύ

āĻŦাংāϞা āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝ

āĻŦিāϏিāĻāϏ āĻĒāϰাāĻŽāϰ্āĻļ

āĻ•āĻŽ্āĻĒিāωāϟাāϰ āĻ“ āϤāĻĨ্āϝāĻĒ্āϰāϝুāĻ•্āϤি

āύৈāϤিāĻ•āϤা āĻŽূāϞ্āϝāĻŦোāϧ āĻ“ āϏুāĻļাāϏāύ

English Grammar

āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻĒāϰিāϚিāϤি

āĻŦিāĻ—āϤ āĻĒāϰীāĻ•্āώাāϏāĻŽূāĻš

āĻŽāĻĄেāϞāϟেāϏ্āϟ

āĻŽাāύāϏিāĻ• āĻĻāĻ•্āώāϤা

Vocabulary

āĻ…āύুāĻĒ্āϰেāϰāĻŖা

āĻĢাঁāĻĻ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύ

āĻŦাāύাāύ āĻļুāĻĻ্āϧিāĻ•āϰāĻŖ

āĻŽুāĻ•্āϤিāϝুāĻĻ্āϧ

āϏংāĻŦিāϧাāύ

āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ āĻŦিāϜ্āĻžাāύ

ICT

One Word Substitution

Redundancy āĻŦাāĻšুāϞ্āϝ (āĻĻোāώ)

Spoken English

āφāχāύāĻ•াāύুāύ

āφāύ্āϤāϰ্āϜাāϤিāĻ• āĻŦিāώ⧟: āϏীāĻŽাāϰেāĻ–া

āφāĻĒāĻĄেāϟ

āφāĻĒāĻĄেāϟ āϤāĻĨ্āϝ

āφāĻŦিāώ্āĻ•াāϰ āĻ“ āφāĻŦিāώ্āĻ•াāϰāĻ•

āφāϞোāϚিāϤ ā§§ā§§ āϜāύ āĻ•āĻŦি-āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝিāĻ• āĻ“ āϤাঁāĻĻেāϰ āϰāϚāύাāĻŦāϞী

āχংāϰেāϜি

āχংāϰেāϜি āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝ

āωāĻĒাāϧি āĻ“ āĻ›āĻĻ্āĻŽāύাāĻŽ

āĻāϟāϰ্āύি āϜেāύাāϰেāϞ

āĻ•āĻŽ্āĻĒিāωāϟাāϰ āĻ“ āϤāĻĨ্āϝ āĻĒ্āϰāϝুāĻ•্āϤি

āĻ—āĻŖিāϤ

āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύ

āϚāϰ্āϝাāĻĒāĻĻেāϰ āĻ•āĻŦিāĻ—āĻŖ

āϜ্āĻžাāύ-āĻŦিāϜ্āĻžাāύেāϰ āĻļাāĻ–া āĻāĻŦং āϜāύāĻ•

āϜ্āϝাāĻŽিāϤিāĻ• āϏূāϤ্āϰ

āĻĻেāĻļী āĻŦিāϜ্āĻžাāύীāϰা

āύāĻĻ-āύāĻĻী

āĻĒāϤ্āϰিāĻ•া āĻāĻŦং āĻ›āĻĻ্āĻŽāύাāĻŽ

āĻĒāϰিāĻŦেāĻļ āĻ“ āĻĻুāϰ্āϝোāĻ— āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāϏ্āĻĨাāĻĒāύা

āĻĒāϰিāĻŽিāϤিāϰ (Mensuration) āϏূāϤ্āϰাāĻŦāϞিāϏāĻŽূāĻš

āĻĒাāϰিāĻ­াāώিāĻ• āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ

āĻĒুāϰাāϤāύ āĻ“ āύāϤুāύ āύাāĻŽ

āĻĢāϞা āĻāĻŦং āϝুāĻ•্āϤাāĻ•্āώāϰ

āĻĢ্āϰাāύ্āϏেāϰ āχāϏāϞাāĻŽ-āĻŦিāĻĻ্āĻŦেāώ

āĻŦাংāϞা

āĻŦাংāϞা āĻ“ āχংāϰেāϜি āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝেāϰ āĻŽিāϞāĻŦāύ্āϧāύ

āĻŦাংāϞা āĻ­াāώা āĻ“ āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝ

āĻŦাংāϞাāĻĻেāĻļ āĻ“ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦāĻĒāϰিāϚāϝ়

āĻŦাāĻ—āϧাāϰা

āĻ­াāώা āφāύ্āĻĻোāϞāύ

āĻ­ূāĻ—োāϞ

āĻ­ৌāĻ—োāϞিāĻ• āωāĻĒāύাāĻŽ

āĻŽāĻĄেāϞ āϟেāϏ্āϟ

āĻŽুāĻ•্āϤিāϝুāĻĻ্āϧ āĻ­িāϤ্āϤিāĻ• āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝāĻ•āϰ্āĻŽ

āϞিāĻ–িāϤ āĻĒāϰীāĻ•্āώা

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